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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2021; 15(03): 495-501
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725578
Original Article

Interaction between TCF7L2 rs7903146 Genotype, HbA1c Levels, and the Periodontal Status of Dental Patients

Andreas Grigoriadis
1   Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
2   Department of Periodontology, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
,
Symela Koutounidou
3   Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
,
Ismo Räisänen
4   Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University and University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
,
Minas Arsenakis
3   Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
,
Dimitra Sakellari
1   Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
› Author Affiliations Funding The study was partially funded by Pierre-Fabre Hellas (94032 ELKE, A.P.Th.).
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Abstract

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the potential interaction between TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype, which is implicated for type-2 diabetes mellitus genetic susceptibility, HbA1c levels, and the periodontal status of dental patients.

Materials and Methods HbA1c levels, clinical periodontal parameters (probing depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and plaque index), and several parameters (such as body mass index [BMI], smoking habits, education level, and age) were recorded in 150 patients who fulfilled the criteria for screening for prediabetes/diabetes of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. DNA was extracted and the TCF7L2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7903146 was genotyped in all participants.

Results Thirty-one patients out of 150 tested were found with unknown hyperglycemia (20.7%). Regarding sex, education, parent with diabetes, normal BMI, smoking, age ≥45 years and prior testing for diabetes, no differences were observed between patients displaying HbA1c < 5.7 and ≥ 5.7% (Pearson’s Chi-square test, p > 0.05). Regarding periodontal parameters and differences between subgroups (HbA1c levels ≥ 5.7 and HbA1c levels < 5.7), statistically significant differences were observed for probing depth (3.20 ± 0.94 vs. 2.81 ± 0.78 mm), clinical attachment level (3.54 ± 1.20 vs. 3.18 ± 1.06 mm) and bleeding on probing (0.62 ± 0.25 vs. 0.50 ± 0.24%) with hyperglycemic patients exhibiting worse periodontal conditions (Mann–Whitney test p < 0.05). The allelic and genotype frequencies for the transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene, SNPs 7903146 did not exhibit a significant difference between the HbA1c > 5.7 and HbA1c < 5.7 groups and the periodontitis and nonperiodontitis subgroups respectively (Fisher’s exact test >0.05). Statistical Analysis Patient characteristics and their association with prediabetes were tested by Pearson’s Chi-square test (asymptotic, two sided). Differences of periodontal parameters between subgroups were tested with the Mann–Whitney U-test. The associations of allele and genotype frequencies in the patient and control groups were analyzed using the Fisher’s exact test of independence.The significance level was set at the 0.05 for all tests.

Conclusion A statistically significant association between TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype and periodontal condition or HbA1c levels was not observed in contrast to statistically significant differences of clinical parameters of periodontitis in patients with hyperglycemia.

Keywords

genotype - HbA1c - prediabetes - periodontitis


Publication History

Article published online:
26 May 2021

© 2021. European Journal of Dentistry. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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