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Semin Thromb Hemost 2016; 42(01): 055-062
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1564837
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Comprehensive Assessment of the Hemostatic System in Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Genia F. Burchall
1   School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
,
Terrence J. Piva
1   School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
,
Matthew D. Linden
2   School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
,
Melanie E. Gibson-Helm
3   School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
,
Sanjeeva Ranasinha
3   School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
,
Helena J. Teede
3   School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
23 November 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects 12 to 19% of women and has reproductive and metabolic features (endothelial dysfunction, increased diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors). It also appears to have altered coagulation and fibrinolysis with a prothrombotic state with epidemiological evidence of increased venous thromboembolism. We aimed to comprehensively assess hemostasis in women with PCOS versus control women. In an established case–control cohort of lean, overweight, and obese women with (n = 107) and without PCOS (n = 67), with existing measures of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), hormonal, and metabolic markers, we also assessed prothrombin fragments 1 and 2 (PF1 & 2), plasminogen, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and thrombin generation (TG). Higher levels of ADMA (0.70 vs. 0.39 µmol/L, p < 0.01), PAI-1 (4.80 vs. 3.66 U/mL, p < 0.01), and plasminogen (118.39 vs. 108.46%, p < 0.01) were seen in PCOS versus controls, and persisted after adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI). PF1 & 2 was marginally lower (180.0 vs. 236.0 pmol/L, p = 0.05), whereas tPA and TG were not different between groups, after adjustment for age and BMI. Significant relationships were observed between hormonal and metabolic factors with ADMA and PAI-1. We demonstrate impaired fibrinolysis in PCOS. In the context of abnormal endothelial function and known hormonal and metabolic abnormalities, this finding may underpin an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and venous thrombosis in PCOS.

Keywords

polycystic ovarian syndrome - hemostasis - thrombosis - plasminogen - PAI-1
 

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