Myxosarkom in der Halsregion eines Teddy-Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)

 

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Zusammenfassung

Dieses Fallbeispiel zeigt ein bisher selten beschriebenes Myxosarkom in der ventrolateralen Halsregion eines 1-jährigen Teddy-Hamsters. Die zytologische Beurteilung eines Feinnadelaspirats aus der Umfangsvermehrung zeigte zahlreiche pleomorphe Spindelzellen, die in hohen Mengen in einer muzinösen Matrix gelegen waren. Zytologisch wurde aufgrund der ausgeprägten Malignitätskriterien der Spindelzellpopulation der Verdacht auf eine maligne mesenchymale Neoplasie geäußert. Die Matrix war dabei hinweisend auf ein zugrundeliegendes Myxosarkom. Der Hamster verstarb im Rahmen der operativen Entfernung der Zubildung. Die Histopathologie zeigte eine vollständige Übereinstimmung mit den zytologischen Befunden. In der Immunhistochemie stellte sich der Tumor Vimentin-positiv mit Alzianblau-positiver Matrix dar und bestätigte die zytologische Verdachtsdiagnose. Der Fall zeigt, dass die Zytologie als minimalinvasives Diagnostikum auch beim Kleinsäuger angewendet werden kann und Rückschlüsse auf die zugrundeliegende Pathologie von Zubildungen ermöglicht. Zum biologischen Verhalten des Myxosarkoms beim Hamster ist aufgrund der seltenen Fallbeschreibungen jedoch bislang wenig bekannt.

Abstract

This case report describes a rare case of a myxosarcoma in a 1-year-old teddy bear hamster presenting with a mass in the cervical region. The fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed high numbers of pleomorphic spindle-shaped cells found in a viscous mucinous background. The presumptive cytological diagnosis was malignant spindle cell neoplasia based on marked criteria of malignancy of the mesenchymal cell population. The abundant matrix in the background was suggestive of a myxosarcoma. The hamster died during surgery and a necropsy was performed. Histopathology was in complete agreement with the cytological report. Immunohistochemistry revealed the tumour to be vimentin positive with alcian-blue positive matrix and confirmed the presumptive diagnosis of a myxosarcoma. This case shows that fine-needle aspiration cytology can be utilized as a minimally invasive diagnostic tool in small mammals to classify mass lesions. However, so far little is known about the biological behaviour of myxosarcoma in the hamster as case descriptions are rare.

Publication History

Received: 14 April 2022

Accepted: 04 July 2022

Article published online:
14 March 2023

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