Original ContributionsReduced expression of PTEN correlates with breast cancer progression*
Section snippets
Tumor samples
Three sets of tumor samples retrieved from the surgical pathology files of the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center were analyzed. The first set included 34 cases of invasive carcinomas consisting of 29 ductal, 3 lobular, and 1 each of mucinous and tubular carcinomas. The second set comprised 20 cases of pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), 10 comedo and 10 noncomedo, and the third set included 10 cases of invasive ductal carcinomas with an extensive component (>25%) of DCIS. Consecutive cases
PTEN expression in invasive breast cancers
Thirty-four cases of invasive sporadic primary breast carcinomas were analyzed for PTEN expression. In 27 of these cases, adjacent normal breast tissue was present on the sections, and in 26 of the cases, associated DCIS was seen. In all instances, the normal glandular epithelium showed positive staining. The intensity of staining was variable, with the strongest intensity observed in epithelium with apocrine morphology. Endothelial cells, especially within neovascular capillaries and nerves,
Discussion
Numerous genetic alterations are present in breast cancers. Certain alterations occur in the early stages, implying a role in the initiation of cancer, whereas others are associated with advanced stage and progression of disease. The PTEN gene is mutated in multiple human cancers. Although mutation of this gene appears to be a late event in brain and prostate tumors, it seems to be inactivated early in the disease process in endometrial cancers. We have previously demonstrated LOH at chromosome
References (24)
- et al.
Immunohistochemical evidence of loss of PTEN expression in primary ductal adenocarcinomas of the breast
Am J Pathol
(1999) - et al.
Loss of expression of the pten gene protein product is associated with poor outcome in breast cancer
Mod Pathol
(2001) - et al.
PTEN interactions with focal adhesion kinase and suppression of the extracellular matrix-dependent phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cell survival pathway
J Biol Chem
(1999) - et al.
PTEN, a putative protein tyrosine phosphatase gene mutated in human brain, breast, and prostate cancer
Science
(1997) - et al.
PTEN gene in Cowden disease, an inherited breast and thyroid cancer syndrome
Nat Genet
(1997) - et al.
Mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype analyses in Cowden disease and Bannayan-Zonana syndrome, two hamartoma syndromes with germline PTEN mutation
Hum Mol Genet
(1998) - et al.
MMAC 1, at chromosome 10q23.3 that is mutated in multiple advanced cancers
Nat Genet
(1997) - et al.
Somatic mutations of PTEN in glioblastoma multiforme
Cancer Res
(1997) - et al.
PTEN gene mutations are seen in high-grade but not in low-grade gliomas
Cancer Res
(1997) - et al.
Loss of PTEN expression in paraffin-embedded primary prostate cancer correlates with high Gleason score and advanced stage
Cancer Res
(1999)
Mutations in PTEN are frequent in endometrial carcinoma but are rare in other common gynecological malignancies
Cancer Res
Allelic loss of chromosome 10q23 is associated with invasion in breast carcinomas
Oncogene
Cited by (124)
HRD1-mediated PTEN degradation promotes cell proliferation and hepatocellular carcinoma progression
2018, Cellular SignallingTargeting Mitosis in Cancer: Emerging Strategies
2015, Molecular Cell
- *
Address and reprint requests to Shikha Bose, MD, Assistant Professor, UCLA School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, South Tower #8732, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, 8400 Beverly Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90048.