Original investigationsPathogenesis and treatment of kidney disease and hypertensionQuality of life in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A cross-sectional analysis in the Renal Research Institute-CKD study
Section snippets
Study design and subjects
The Renal Research Institute-CKD (RRI-CKD) Study is an ongoing multicenter (University of Michigan, Albany Medical Center, New Haven, and University of North Carolina), prospective, observational study of adult patients with moderate to advanced CKD. The details of study design have been published elsewhere12 and are summarized here. Patients were recruited from the outpatient nephrology clinics at these sites by a study coordinator. The main inclusion criterion was a GFR of 50 mL/min/1.73 m2
Results
The 634 patients enrolled in the RRI-CKD study had significantly impaired renal function; mean GFR was 23.6 ± 9.6 mL/min/1.73 m2. The majority of patients had stages 3 (n = 151) and 4 (n = 360) CKD according to the National Kidney Foundation-Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative classification of chronic kidney disease.20 One hundred eighteen patients with stage 5, or “kidney failure,” were not receiving renal replacement therapy at the time of enrollment.
Baseline QOL data were available
Discussion
Patients with CKD in this study had QOL scores measured by means of the SF-36 that were significantly higher than those of HD patients, but lower than those of a general population. Using SF-36 QOL scores to evaluate the magnitude of any individual patient’s symptoms is not straightforward.22 SF-36 scores represent surrogate markers of the impact of an individual patient’s symptoms on his or her QOL.23 One way to evaluate the magnitude of difference in scores is by considering variation from a
Acknowledgment
The authors thank their patients for taking the time to fill out the QOL questionnaires and the Study Coordinators and Research Assistants for their hard work and patience during patient recruitment. The following deserve special mention: Laura Davidson, Bonnie Welliver, Rita Aouad, Christine Kehrer, Susan Reimann, Kerri Briesmiester (University of Michigan); Kathy Lambeth, Melissa Caughey (University of North Carolina); Diane Delmonico, Nancy Sutter, Susan Rauch (Albany Medical College);
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Supported in part by a grant from the Renal Research Institute, New York, NY, and Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA.