Issue 13, 2023

The design and synthesis of green emissive iridium(iii) complexes guided by calculations of the vibrationally-resolved emission spectra

Abstract

A key challenge in developing emissive materials for organic light-emitting diodes is to optimize their colour saturation, which means targeting narrowband emitters. In this combined theoretical and experimental study, we investigate the use of heavy atoms in the form of trimethylsilyl groups as a tool to reduce the intensity of the vibrations in the 2-phenylpyridinato ligands of emissive iridium(III) complexes that contribute to the vibrationally coupled modes that broaden the emission profile. An underutilised computational technique, Frank-Condon vibrationally coupled electronic spectral modelling, was used to identify the key vibrational modes that contribute to the broadening of the emission spectra in known benchmark green-emitting iridium(III) complexes. Based on these results, a family of eight new green-emitting iridium complexes containing trimethylsilyl groups substituted at different positions of the cyclometalating ligands has been prepared to explore the impact that these substituents have on reducing the intensity of the vibrations and the resulting reduction in the contribution of vibrationally coupled emission modes to the shape of the emission spectra. We have demonstrated that locating a trimethylsilyl group at the N4 or N5 position of the 2-phenylpyridine ligand damps the vibrational modes of the iridium complex and provides a modest narrowing of the emission spectrum of 8–9 nm (or 350 cm−1). The strong correlation between experimental and calculated emission spectra highlights the utility of this computational method to understand how the vibrational modes contribute to the profile of the emission spectra in phosphorescent iridium(III) emitters.

Graphical abstract: The design and synthesis of green emissive iridium(iii) complexes guided by calculations of the vibrationally-resolved emission spectra

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
31 Jan 2023
Accepted
28 Feb 2023
First published
28 Feb 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

Dalton Trans., 2023,52, 4112-4121

The design and synthesis of green emissive iridium(III) complexes guided by calculations of the vibrationally-resolved emission spectra

C. F. R. Mackenzie, S. Kwak, S. Kim and E. Zysman-Colman, Dalton Trans., 2023, 52, 4112 DOI: 10.1039/D3DT00304C

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