Issue 20, 2022

Rational design of microporous polybenzimidazole framework for efficient proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Abstract

The preparation of polymeric anhydrous proton conducting membranes is critical for the development of high-temperature proton-exchange membranes (HT-PEMs) for use in fuel cells but remains a significant scientific challenge to date. Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is a highly stable engineered plastic with excellent thermochemical stability, which demonstrates its suitability as an HT-PEM. However, the application of this material is limited due to its leaching of phosphoric acid (PA) and slow and low proton conduction. Herein, we demonstrate a feasible strategy to address these key issues by synthesising a new class of three-dimensional (3D) iptycene-based ladder-like porous pyridine-bridged oxypolybenzimidazoles (IPyPBIs) as self-standing, highly flexible HT-PEMs via the facile polycondensation between newly designed Y- and H-shaped scaffolds of iptycene-containing aryl ether diacids and pyridine-functionalized tetraamine building blocks. The as-synthesized polymers possessed high molecular weights, excellent thermal-chemical stability, hierarchical intrinsic porosity (ca. 12.1 Å) and excellent solubility in various solvents, and thus excellent processability for the facile fabrication of PEMs. Furthermore, the IPyPBI walls were found to trigger multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions with PA molecules to lock and stabilize the PA network inside the pores, thereby favouring superior PA-holding capability (as high as 32 mol of PA/repeat units) in the resulting membranes. Consequently, these PA-loaded IPyPBI HT-PEMs exhibited stable ultrahigh proton conductivity (up to 0.24 S cm−1 at 180 °C and 0% humidity) and crossed the upper proton conductivity (0.1 S cm−1) limit of traditional PA-loaded PBI. The single cell made from these PEMs displayed a good peak power density of 0.28 W cm−2 at 160 °C in H2/O2. Overall, this work paves the way to achieve the targeted properties of PBIs through the predesign and functionalization of their porous surface and highlights the immense potential of microchannel-forming PBIs as a rigid platform for fast proton transportation.

Graphical abstract: Rational design of microporous polybenzimidazole framework for efficient proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Associated articles

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
26 Jan 2022
Accepted
12 Apr 2022
First published
12 Apr 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022,10, 11074-11091

Rational design of microporous polybenzimidazole framework for efficient proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Harilal, R. Bhattacharyya, A. Shukla, P. Chandra Ghosh and T. Jana, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2022, 10, 11074 DOI: 10.1039/D2TA00734G

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements