Syntheses, structures, in vitro cytostatic activity and antifungal activity evaluation of four diorganotin(iv) complexes based on norfloxacin and levofloxacin†
Abstract
Four organotin(IV) complexes, [(Me2Sn)4O2(C16H17FN3O3)4] (1), [Ph2Sn(C16H17FN3O3)2] (2), [(Me2Sn)4O2(C18H19FN3O4)4] (3), and [Ph2Sn(C18H19FN3O4)2] (4), have been synthesized via the reaction of R2SnO (R = Me, and Ph) with the corresponding ligands [HL1 = C16H18FN3O3, norfloxacin; and HL2 = C18H20FN3O4, levofloxacin]. The four complexes were characterized via elemental analysis, FT-IR, NMR (1H, 13C and 119Sn), as well as through single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal structure results disclosed that complexes 1 and 3 represent tetranuclear tin monomers, which exist as a ladder-like structure containing a tetraorganodistannoxane unit and four deprotonated ligands. Complexes 2 and 4 represented mononuclear tin monomers. Further C–H⋯F non-covalent intermolecular contacts form 1D chain structures for complex 1. The C–H⋯N and N–H⋯O intermolecular contacts construct 2D planar supramolecular structures for complex 2. The C–H⋯O intermolecular contacts form 2D planar supramolecular structures and 1D chain structures for complexes 3 and 4, respectively. Furthermore, complexes 1–4 were evaluated for their in vitro cytostatic activity against the human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cell line, the human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG-2) cell line and normal human colon cells (NCM460). The results indicated that complexes 2 and 4 displayed a high in vitro cytostatic activity. Meanwhile, four phytopathogenic fungi were used in antifungal activity screening for complexes 2 and 4. The study confirmed that complexes 2 and 4 exhibited good antifungal activity. Furthermore, morphological and ultrastructural studies were carried out on the fungi affected by complex 2, and the results indicated that complex 2 may act on the vacuoles of cells and ultimately lead to cell death.