Issue 8, 2013
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RSC Advances

Tuning the morphology of ZnMn2O4 lithium ion battery anodes by electrospinning and its effect on electrochemical performance†

Pei Fen Teh,a   Yogesh Sharma,b   Yah Wen Ko,a   Stevin Snellius Pramanaad  and  Madhavi Srinivasan*ac  

* Corresponding authors

a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, Singapore 639798

b Physics Section, Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee Saharnapur Campus, India

c Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERIAN), Research TechnoPlaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore 637553
E-mail: madhavi@ntu.edu.sg
Fax: +65 6790 9081
Tel: +65 6790 4606

d Facility for Analysis, Characterization Testing and Simulation, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore

Abstract

ZnMn2O4 structures of various morphologies (nanorods, nanofibers, nanowebs) have been prepared via a facile electrospinning technique by a simple variation of the sintering profile, and have subsequently been employed as anodes in lithium ion battery applications. After the sintering process, as-spun nanofibers with high aspect ratio have broken into short segments of ZnMn2O4 nanorods (ZMO-NR). Incorporating an intermediate carbonization step has strengthened the mechanical integrity of as-spun nanofibers, resulting in the formation of sintered nanofibers (ZMO-NF) and nanowebs (ZMO-NW). On the basis of FESEM, HRTEM and XRD studies, the formation mechanism of nanostructures consisting of hierarchically self-assembled ZnMn2O4 nanocrystals is discussed. Particle size distribution is computed by Rietveld refinement and HRTEM micrographs, while the valence states are confirmed by XPS. The initial discharge of ZMO-NF and ZMO-NW demonstrated a high capacity of ∼1469 mA h g−1 and 1526 mA h g−1, respectively, in the voltage ranges of 0.005 V and 3.0 V versus Li/Li+ at 60 mA g−1, associated with reversible capacities of ∼705 mA h g−1 and 530 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles. Morphology tuning of anodes and the importance of interconnected nanoparticulate pathways for lithium ion diffusion are elucidated.

Graphical abstract: Tuning the morphology of ZnMn2O4 lithium ion battery anodes by electrospinning and its effect on electrochemical performance

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/C2RA22943A
Article type
Paper
Submitted
19 Nov 2012
Accepted
13 Dec 2012
First published
14 Dec 2012

RSC Adv., 2013,3, 2812-2821

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Tuning the morphology of ZnMn2O4 lithium ion battery anodes by electrospinning and its effect on electrochemical performance

P. F. Teh, Y. Sharma, Y. W. Ko, S. S. Pramana and M. Srinivasan, RSC Adv., 2013, 3, 2812 DOI: 10.1039/C2RA22943A

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