Issue 14, 2023

Synthesis and characterization of sodium hafnium oxide (Na2HfO3) and its high-temperature CO2 sorption properties

Abstract

The CO2 sorption properties of sodium hafnium oxide (Na2HfO3) were investigated in this study. Na2HfO3 was synthesized by solid-state synthesis using Na2CO3 and HfO2 as starting materials. The solid-state synthesized Na2HfO3 appeared structurally similar to other mixed metal oxides such as Na2ZrO3, but stacking disorder appeared to be common in Na2HfO3. The synthesis conditions, including the Na : Hf ratio (between 0.5 and 1.5 : 1), synthesis temperature, time and heating rate, were investigated to optimize CO2 sorption properties of Na2HfO3. The Na2HfO3 sorbent showed comparable CO2 uptake capacity, reaction rate and excellent cycling stability compared to other metal oxide sorbents. Na2HfO3 with Na : Hf = 1 : 1 and 1.25 : 1 showed the highest CO2 uptake among all Na2HfO3 samples obtained, with a CO2 uptake capacity of around 15 wt% (at 650–800 °C). The CO2 uptake rate of NHO-1 and NHO-1.25 was fast with over 80% of the equilibrium uptake reached within 250 s. Na2HfO3 remained stable even after 100 cycles with less than 3% difference in the CO2 uptake capacity between the 1st and 100th cycles. We performed kinetic analysis on the CO2 sorption data and found that the Avrami–Erofeev model fitted the kinetic data best among the kinetic models used. Apart from sorbent optimization, we showed that 3D-printing of Na2HfO3 : HfO2 mixtures can be used to produce structured Na2HfO3 sorbents with a slightly improved CO2 uptake rate and the same CO2 uptake capacity as the powder-based solid-state synthesized Na2HfO3 sorbent.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis and characterization of sodium hafnium oxide (Na2HfO3) and its high-temperature CO2 sorption properties

  • This article is part of the themed collection: #MyFirstJMCA

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
23 Jan 2023
Accepted
22 Feb 2023
First published
23 Feb 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY license

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023,11, 7617-7628

Synthesis and characterization of sodium hafnium oxide (Na2HfO3) and its high-temperature CO2 sorption properties

R. Chang, E. Svensson Grape, T. Clairefond, E. Tikhomirov, A. K. Inge and O. Cheung, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2023, 11, 7617 DOI: 10.1039/D3TA00415E

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