Direct plasma phosphorization of Cu foam for Li ion batteries

Guoling Li; Yuetao Wang; Heng Guo; Zhiliang Liu; Pohua Chen; Xinyao Zheng; Junliang Sun; Hui Chen; Jie Zheng; Xingguo Li

doi:10.1039/D0TA02512G

Direct plasma phosphorization of Cu foam for Li ion batteries†

Guoling Li,

*^a Yuetao Wang,^b Heng Guo,^c Zhiliang Liu,^bd Pohua Chen,^b Xinyao Zheng,^b Junliang Sun,

^b Hui Chen,^a Jie Zheng

*^b and Xingguo Li

*^b

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
E-mail: liguoling@qdu.edu.cn

^b College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
E-mail: zhengjie@pku.edu.cn, xgli@pku.edu.cn

^c Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

^d College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Abstract

Phosphorus is a promising anode material for lithium ion batteries, while it suffers from poor electronic conductivity and large volume change during operation. These drawbacks can be effectively overcome by replacing P with Cu₃P, in which Cu serves as a conductive buffer. However, this strategy will cause significant capacity loss due to inclusion of inert Cu. In this work, we use plasma activated phosphorus vapor to deposit P on a Cu current collector, which converts the surface of the Cu into Cu₃P in situ. In this case, the P electrode is converted to a Cu₃P electrode without an external Cu source except for the current collector. The high chemical reactivity of plasma allows phosphorization at only 200 °C, leading to a monolithic electrode with excellent mechanical strength and free of any conductive additive and binder. The obtained electrode exhibits a high initial coulombic efficiency of >90%. The areal capacity is up to 2.3 mA h cm⁻² after 50 cycles at 3.2 mA cm⁻².

Journal of Materials Chemistry A

Direct plasma phosphorization of Cu foam for Li ion batteries†

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Direct plasma phosphorization of Cu foam for Li ion batteries

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