Issue 46, 2017

Molecular mechanism of activation of Burkholderia cepacia lipase at aqueous–organic interfaces

Abstract

Lipases are water-soluble enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of lipids. Since lipids are mostly hydrophobic, lipase activity occurs preferentially at interfaces of aqueous and organic phases. In this work, we study the molecular mechanisms by which the Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) is activated at interfaces of water with octane and with methyl caprylate (CAME). We show that BCL assumes very rapidly a preferential orientation at the interfaces, in which the active site is exposed to the organic phase. With BCL oriented to the interface, we compute the free energy of the aperture of the catalytic pocket using Adaptive Biasing Force MD simulations. The exposure to the organic phase promotes a clear stabilization of the open form of the catalytic pocket relative to the enzyme in water. This stabilization stems from the hydrophobicity of domains U1 and U2, which allows the penetration of organic solvents into the catalytic cleft impeding the closure of the pocket. Our results suggest that the structure and hydrophobicity of BCL are optimized for its activation in biphasic systems through the regulation of the accessibility of the catalytic pocket by, and for, hydrophobic substrates. The understanding of this mechanism may be useful for the design of proteins with targeted activation.

Graphical abstract: Molecular mechanism of activation of Burkholderia cepacia lipase at aqueous–organic interfaces

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 Jul 2017
Accepted
11 Nov 2017
First published
13 Nov 2017

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017,19, 31499-31507

Molecular mechanism of activation of Burkholderia cepacia lipase at aqueous–organic interfaces

I. P. de Oliveira, G. E. Jara and L. Martínez, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2017, 19, 31499 DOI: 10.1039/C7CP04466F

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