¹Department of Ophthalmology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UY, UK

Correspondence: DC Broadway, Tel: 01603 288064; Fax: 01603 288856; E-mail: broadway@nnuh.nhs.uk

Received 29 November 2004; Revised 28 February 2005; Accepted 28 February 2005; Published online 6 May 2005.

Abstract

The intraocular pressure rise that can complicate the use of topical or systemic corticosteroid has been recognised for 50 years. More recently, following isolation of the myocilin gene (previously known as the trabecular meshwork inducible glucocorticoid response or TIGR gene), there has been renewed interest in this steroid-responsive phenomenon. Furthermore, the currently fashionable use of injectable intraocular steroids in the management of clinically significant subretinal fluid and macular oedema has resulted in an increased incidence. Animal studies, cell biology, molecular biology, and an improved knowledge of genetics have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the response. The purpose of this review is to describe the risk factors for developing corticosteroid-induced glaucoma, to discuss the underlying mechanisms and genetics of the condition and to present management options.