Nature 346, 713 - 719 (23 August 1990); doi:10.1038/346713a0

Sun and dust versus greenhouse gases: an assessment of their relative roles in global climate change

James E. Hansen & Andrew A. Lacis

NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, 2880 Broadway, New York, New York 10025, USA.

Many mechanisms, including variations in solar radiation and atmospheric aerosol concentrations, compete with anthropogenic greenhouse gases as causes of global climate change. Comparisons of available data show that solar variability will not counteract greenhouse warming and that future observations will need to be made to quantify the role of tropospheric aerosols, for example.

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