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Response of Ewing tumor cells to forced and activated p53 expression

Oncogene volume 22, pages 3193–3204 (2003)Cite this article

Abstract

The EWS-FLI1 transcription factor is consistently expressed in 85% of Ewing tumors (EFT). In heterologous cells, EWS-FLI1 induces p53-dependent cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. It has been speculated that the p53 tumor suppressor pathway may be generally compromised in EFT despite only rare p53 mutations. In order to test for functional integrity of this pathway, we have investigated a series of EFT cell lines that differ from each other with respect to their endogenous p53 and INK4A gene status for their response to ectopic p53 expression and to stimulation of endogenous p53 activity by X-ray treatment. Significant interindividual and intratumoral variations in the apoptotic propensity of EFT cell lines to transient expression of ectopic p53 were observed, which was independent of the level of p53 expression. In cell lines with a low apoptotic incidence, apoptosis was delayed and the surviving fraction showed a prolonged growth arrest. Complete resistance to p53-induced apoptosis in two cell lines established from the same patient was associated with a high BCL2/BAX ratio and low levels of APAF1. Sensitivity to X-rays showed a trend towards a higher apoptotic rate in wild-type (wt) p53 expressing than in p53 mutant cells. However, one wt p53-expressing EFT cell line was completely refractory to irradiation-stimulated cell death despite high apoptotic responsiveness to ectopic p53. No difference in Ser15 phosphorylation and the transcriptional activation of p53 targets was observed in wt p53 EFT cell lines irrespective of the induction of cell death or growth arrest. All together, our results demonstrate that despite significant variability in the outcome, cell death or cell cycle arrest, the p53 downstream pathway and the DNA damage signaling pathway are functionally intact in EFT.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported in part by Grant P12814-GEN from the Austrian Science foundation to HK and by private donations to the Children's Cancer Research Institute. We thank Dale Haines, Dave Aryee, and Jozef Ban for helpful comments during the preparation of the manuscript.

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  1. Children's Cancer Research Institute, St. Anna Kinderspital, Kinderspitalgasse 6, Vienna, 1090, Austria

    Heinrich Kovar, Sarka Pospisilova, Gunhild Jug, Dieter Printz & Helmut Gadner

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  1. Heinrich Kovar
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  2. Sarka Pospisilova
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Correspondence to Heinrich Kovar.

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Kovar, H., Pospisilova, S., Jug, G. et al. Response of Ewing tumor cells to forced and activated p53 expression. Oncogene 22, 3193–3204 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206391

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