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Formation of intense magnetic fields near the surface of the Sun

Abstract

Convection concentrates magnetic flux into ropes between granules in the solar photosphere, with average fields of up to 1500 G. The magnetic energy density is locally much greater than the kinetic energy density. Theoretical limits to the amplification of magnetic fields by convection are analysed and related to the observations.

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Galloway, D., Proctor, M. & Weiss, N. Formation of intense magnetic fields near the surface of the Sun. Nature 266, 686–689 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1038/266686a0

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