Forest fire plumes over the North Atlantic: p-TOMCAT model simulations with aircraft and satellite measurements from the ITOP/ICARTT campaign

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Read Full Article (file size: 3405095 bytes) Cited by JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, D10S43, doi:10.1029/2006JD007563, 2007 Forest fire plumes over the North Atlantic: p-TOMCAT model simulations with aircraft and satellite measurements from the ITOP/ICARTT campaign Peter A. Cook Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Nicholas H. Savage Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Solène Turquety Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling Group, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA Glenn D. Carver Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Fiona M. O'Connor Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Andreas Heckel Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany David Stewart School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Lisa K. Whalley School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK Alex E. Parker Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK Hans Schlager Institut fuer Physik der Atmosphaere, Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Hanwant B. Singh NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA Melody A. Avery NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA Glen W. Sachse NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, USA William Brune Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA Andreas Richter Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany John P. Burrows Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany Ruth Purvis Facility of Airborne Atmospheric Measurements, Cranfield, UK Alastair C. Lewis Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK Claire E. Reeves School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Paul S. Monks Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK James G. Levine Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK John A. Pyle Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Atmospheric Chemistry Modelling Support Unit, National Environment Research Council Centres for Atmospheric Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Abstract Intercontinental Transport of Ozone and Precursors (ITOP) (part of International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT)) was an intense research effort to measure long-range transport of pollution across the North Atlantic and its impact on O₃ production. During the aircraft campaign plumes were encountered containing large concentrations of CO plus other tracers and aerosols from forest fires in Alaska and Canada. A chemical transport model, p-TOMCAT, and new biomass burning emissions inventories are used to study the emissions long-range transport and their impact on the troposphere O₃ budget. The fire plume structure is modeled well over long distances until it encounters convection over Europe. The CO values within the simulated plumes closely match aircraft measurements near North America and over the Atlantic and have good agreement with MOPITT CO data. O₃ and NO_x values were initially too great in the model plumes. However, by including additional vertical mixing of O₃ above the fires, and using a lower NO₂/CO emission ratio (0.008) for boreal fires, O₃ concentrations are reduced closer to aircraft measurements, with NO₂ closer to SCIAMACHY data. Too little PAN is produced within the simulated plumes, and our VOC scheme's simplicity may be another reason for O₃ and NO_x model-data discrepancies. In the p-TOMCAT simulations the fire emissions lead to increased tropospheric O₃ over North America, the north Atlantic and western Europe from photochemical production and transport. The increased O₃ over the Northern Hemisphere in the simulations reaches a peak in July 2004 in the range 2.0 to 6.2 Tg over a baseline of about 150 Tg. Received 26 May 2006; accepted 13 December 2006; published 25 April 2007. Keywords: long-range transport; forest fires; ozone. Index Terms: 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution: urban and regional (0305, 0478, 4251); 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry; 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry. Read Full Article (file size: 3405095 bytes) Cited by Citation: Cook, P. A., et al. (2007), Forest fire plumes over the North Atlantic: p-TOMCAT model simulations with aircraft and satellite measurements from the ITOP/ICARTT campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D10S43, doi:10.1029/2006JD007563. Copyright 2007 by the American Geophysical Union.

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