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Themenschwerpunkt, Theme Articles

Zum empirischen Aussagegehalt des Konzepts «Chronische Depression»

Published Online:February 28, 2015https://doi.org/10.1024/1661-4747.57.4.235

Abstract

Bei der chronischen Depression handelt es sich um ein am Störungsverlauf orientiertes Konstrukt, dessen empirische Fundierung bislang nur als unzureichend charakterisiert werden kann. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die bisher gängigen Definitionen chronischer Depression empirischen Befunden zur Abgrenzung von akuten bzw. episodischen Depressionen gegenübergestellt. Aus empirischer Sicht gibt es bislang nur begrenzt Evidenz für eine inhaltsvalide Abgrenzung chronischer und akuter Depression, wenngleich einzelne Hinweise auf Unterschiede in der Entwicklungspsychopathologie dieser Depressionsformen existieren. Die bisherige Klassifikation von Subtypen chronischer Depression scheint dagegen empirisch nicht haltbar zu sein. In der Diagnostik und Früherkennung chronischer Depression sollte verstärkt auf eine Familienanamnese affektiver Störungen geachtet werden. Weitere Studien sollten modifizierte, z. B. dimensionale Definitionen der Chronizität mit einbeziehen.


Chronic Depression: On the Empirical Foundation of a Theoretical Concept

Chronic depression represents a subgroup of depressive disorders that is defined by its persisting course; empirical evidence for a valid distinction of this subgroup is limited yet. Against this background, common definitions of chronic depression are opposed to empirical findings on differences between chronic and acute, respectively episodic depression. Although few findings point out at potential differences in developmental pathways, a valid distinction between chronic and acute depression remains difficult. There is clearly no evidence for the DSM-IV distinction of chronic depression subtypes. Early diagnosis of chronic depression should include information about the family history of affective disorders. Further research might incorporate modified definitions of chronicity, e.g. dimensional measures.

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