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An Absolute Viscometer-Densimeter and Measurements of the Viscosity of Nitrogen, Methane, Helium, Neon, Argon, and Krypton over a Wide Range of Density and Temperature

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Abstract

An apparatus for the simultaneous measurement of viscosity and density of fluids is presented. The viscometer-densimeter covers a viscosity range up to 150 µPa⋅s and a density range up to 2000 kg⋅m−3 at temperatures from 233 to 523 K and pressures up to 30 MPa. Very accurate density measurements with uncertainties of ±0.02 to ±0.05% have always been carried out with this apparatus, although in its first version it was necessary to calibrate the viscosity measuring system on a reference fluid in order to achieve uncertainties of ±0.6 to ±1.0% in viscosity. After significant improvements, the apparatus now achieves uncertainties in viscosity of less than ±0.15% in the dilute gas region and less than ±0.4% for higher densities. Moreover, the viscosity measuring system can be described in an absolute way; calibration is no longer necessary. In order to test the advanced apparatus and to determine viscosity-density values of very high quality, comprehensive measurements on nitrogen, argon, and methane were carried out in the entire working range of the viscometer-densimeter. In addition, viscosity-density measurements on helium, neon, and krypton were made on two selected isotherms each. All measurements show that the estimated total uncertainty of ±0.15 to ±0.4% in viscosity and of ±0.02 to ±0.05% in density is clearly met. In order to verify the results of the combined viscometer-densimeter, a new apparatus for very accurate viscosity measurements was designed. While the working range of this apparatus is restricted to the dilute gas region, it yields uncertainties of less than ±0.07% in viscosity. Measurements carried out with this apparatus confirmed the previously measured values of the combined viscometer-densimeter within ±0.03%.

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780, Bochum, Germany

    C. Evers, H. W. Lösch & W. Wagner

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  1. C. Evers
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  2. H. W. Lösch
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  3. W. Wagner
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Evers, C., Lösch, H.W. & Wagner, W. An Absolute Viscometer-Densimeter and Measurements of the Viscosity of Nitrogen, Methane, Helium, Neon, Argon, and Krypton over a Wide Range of Density and Temperature. International Journal of Thermophysics 23, 1411–1439 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020784330515

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