Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium sulfate against occlusion-induced arrhythmias

  • Published:
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium sulfate (Mg) as well as the hemodynamics were studied using the coronary ligation and reperfusion models in rats.

In the study on coronary ligation arrhythmia, i.v. administration of Mg (0.6, 2, 6, 20 and 60 \sgmaelig;mol) was conducted at 5 min after coronary ligation. Mg had an action to decrease the total number of premature ventricular contraction (PVC), the duration of ventricular tachycardia (VT), the frequency of VT and ventricular fibrillation (Vf) and the mortality ratio for 30 min after coronary ligation. In the 6-60 \sgmaelig;mol groups, significant antiarrhythmic action (p < 0.01 vs. control) was attained.

In the study on reperfusion arrhythmia, i.v. administration of Mg (20, 60 and 200 \sgmaelig;mol) was conducted at 4 min after coronary ligation, and at 1 min after ligation, the coronary artery was reperfused. Mg had an action to decrease the frequency of Vf, the mortality ratio and the duration of VT and Vf and to extend the interval between the initiation of reperfusion and the occurrence of VT and Vf for 10 min after reperfusion. In the 200 \sgmaelig;mol group, significant antiarrhythmic action (p < 0.05 vs. control) was attained. Administration of Mg decreased the heart rate and blood pressure.

We concluded that Mg can control myocardial ischemia-induced and reperfusion-induced arrhythmia and that sudden cardiac death which occurs as a result of arrhythmia can be prevented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hinkle LE, Thaler HT: Clinical classification of cardiac deaths. Circulation 65: 457–464, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  2. Goldstein S, Friedman L, Hutchinson R, Canner P, Romhilt D, Schlant R, Sobrino R, Verter J, Wasserman A, Aspirin myocardial infarction study research group: Timing, mechanism and clinical setting of witnessed deaths in postmyocardial infarction patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 3: 1111–1117, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  3. Goldstein S, Landis JR, Leighton R, Ritter G, Vasu CM, Wolfe RA, Acheson A, VanderBrug ?, Medendorp S: Predictive survival models for resuscitated victims of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with coronary heart disease. Circulation 71: 873–880, 1985

    Google Scholar 

  4. The cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial investigators: Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 321: 406–412, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hondeghem LM, Snyders DJ: Class III antiarrhythmic agents have a lot of potential but a long way to go. Reduced effectiveness and dangers of reverse use dependence. Circulation 81: 686–690, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  6. Wood KL, Fletcher S, Roffe C, Haider Y: Intravenous magnesium sulphate in suspected acute myocardial infarction. Result of the second Leicester Intravenous Magnesium Intervention Trial (LIMIT-2). Lancet 339: 1553–1558, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  7. Tzivoni D, Banai S, Schuger C, Benhorin J, Keren A, Gottlieb S, Stern S: Treatment of torsade de pointes with magnesium sulfate. Circulation 77: 392–397, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  8. Abraham AS, Rosenmann D, Kramer M, Balkin J, Zion MM, Farbstien H, Eylath U: Magnesium in the prevention of lethal arrhythmias in acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med 147: 753–755, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  9. Selye H, Bajusz E, Grasso S, Mandell P: Simple techniques for the surgical occlusion of coronary vessels in the rat. Angiology 11: 398–407, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  10. Walker MJA, Curtis MJ, Hearse DJ, Campbell RWF, Janse MJ, Yellon DM, Cobbe SM, Coker SJ, Harness JB, Harron DWG, Higgins AJ, Julian DC, Lab MJ, Manning AS, Northover BJ, Parratt JR, Riemersma RA, Riva E, Russell DC, Sherindan DJ, Winslow E, Woodward B: The Lambeth conventions: Guidelines for the study of arrhythmias in ischemia, infarction, and reperfusion. Cardiovasc Res 22: 447–455, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  11. Specter MJ, Schweizer E, Goldman RH: Studies on magnesium's mechanism of action in digitalis-induced arrhythmias. Circulation 52: 1001–1005, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  12. Crampton RS, Clark CW: Varying extracell [Mg2+] magnesium alters ischemia and reperfusion ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Circulation 68(Suppl III): 146, 1983

    Google Scholar 

  13. Billman GE, Hoskins RS: Prevention of ventricular fibrillation with magnesium sulfate. Eur J Pharmacol 158: 167–171, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  14. Janse MJ, Kleber AG: Electrophysiological changes and ventricular arrhythmias in the early phase of regional myocardial ischemia. Circ Res 49: 1069–1081, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  15. Iseri LT, French JH: Nature's physiologic calcium blocker. Am Heart J 108: 188–193, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  16. White RE, Hartzell HC: Effect of intracellular free magnesium on calcium current in isolated cardiac myocytes. Science 239: 778–780, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  17. Keller PK, Aronson RS: The role of magnesium in cardiac arrhythmias. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 32: 438–448, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  18. McCully JD, Levitsky S: Mechanisms of in vitro cardioprotective action of magnesium on the aging myocardium. Magnesium Res 10: 157–168, 1997

    Google Scholar 

  19. Yamamoto K, Bando S: The effects of verapamil and magnesium sulfate on electrophysiological changes during acute myocardial and after reperfusion – A comparison between coronary sinuse retroperfusion and systemic intravenous administration. Jpn J Cardiac Pacing Electrophysiol 11: 405–412, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rogiers P, Vermeier W, Kesteloot H, Stroobandt R: Effects of the infusion of magnesium sulfate during atrial pacing on ECG intervals, serum electrolytes, and blood pressure. Am Heart J 117: 1278–1283, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Dyckner T, Wester PO: Ventricular extrasystoles and intracellular electrolytes before and after potassium and magnesium infusions in patients on diuretic treatment. Am Heart J 97: 12–18, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  22. Levites R, Banka VS, Helfant RH: Electrophysiologic effects of coronary occlusion and reperfusion. Observations of dispersion of refractoriness and ventricular automaticity. Circulation 52: 760–765, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  23. Dennis SC, Coetzee WA, Cragoe EJ, Cragoe EJ Jr, Opie LH: Effect of proton buffering and of amiloride derivatives on reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated rat heart. Possible evidence for an arrhythmogenic role of Na-H exchange. Circ Res 66: 1156–1159, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  24. Jeroudi MD, Hartley CJ, Bolli R: Myocardial reperfusion injury. Role of oxygen radicals and potential therapy with antioxidants. Am J Cardiol 73: 2B–7B, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  25. Bolli R, Jeroudi MD, Patel BS, Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Lai EK, McCay PB: Marked reduction of free radical generation and contractile dysfunction by antioxidant therapy begun at the time of reperfusion evidence that myocardial ‘stunning’ is a manifestation of reperfusion injury. Circ Res 65: 607–622, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  26. Euler DE: Role of oxygen-derived free radicals in canine reperfusion arrhythmias. Am J Physiol 268: H295–H300, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hudson KF: A phenomenon of paradox. Myocardial reperfusion injury. Heart Lung 23: 384–393, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kramer JH, Misik V, Weglicki WB: Magnesium deficiency potentiates free radical production associated with postischemic injury to hearts. Vitamin E affords protection. Free Rad Biol Med 16: 713–723, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kramer JH, Tong MI, Weglicki WB: Differential sensitivity of canine cardiac sarcolemmal and microsomal enzymes to inhibit by free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. Circ Res 55: 120–124, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  30. Eisenberg MJ: Magnesium deficiency and sudden death. Am Heart J 124: 544–549, 1993

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Second Department of Medicine, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Yamanshi, Japan, 409-3898 E-mail

    Sadayoshi Komori, Binghong Li, Kuniyoshi Matsumura, Masahiro Takusagawa, Soichi Sano, Isao Kohno, Mitsuru Osada, Takao Sawanobori, Tsukasa Ishihara, Ken Umetani, Hiroshi Ijiri & Kohji Tamura

Authors
  1. Sadayoshi Komori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Binghong Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Kuniyoshi Matsumura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Masahiro Takusagawa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Soichi Sano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Isao Kohno
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Mitsuru Osada
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Takao Sawanobori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Tsukasa Ishihara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Ken Umetani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Hiroshi Ijiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. Kohji Tamura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Komori, S., Li, B., Matsumura, K. et al. Antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium sulfate against occlusion-induced arrhythmias. Mol Cell Biochem 199, 201–208 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006938010925

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006938010925

Search

Navigation