Abstract
The tapeworm Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin, 1825), a parasite of the eel Anguilla anguilla, was characterised using morphological and genetic characters. The species is morphologically typified mainly by features of the scolex (i.e. shape and size of an apical organ which is formed early during the development in an intermediate host) and strobila (i.e. regularly rectangular proglottides, morphology of the vagina and anterior position of the seminal receptacle). Genetically, P. macrocephalus was compared with two congeners, P. percae and P. exiguus. Characters enabling differentiation of P. macrocephalus were as follows: fixed allelic differences at Got, Pgm and Gapdh loci, metrical features of chromosomes Nos 1, 2 and 7, and species-specific fragments obtained by RAPD method using 13 random primers.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anikieva, L.V. (1991) The use of morphological indices of Proteocephalus pollanicola (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) for a more precise definition of the origin of its host, Coregonus pollan Thompson. Parazitologiya, 25, 228–233. (In Russian).
Anikieva, L.V. (1992) Morphological variability of the population of Proteocephalus percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) from Lake Rindozero. Parazitologiya, 26 389–395. (In Russian).
Anikieva, L.V. (1993) Morphological diversity of the populations of Proteocephalus percae (Proteocephalidae) in water bodies of Karelia. Parazitologiya, 27, 260–268. (In Russian).
Anikieva, L.V., Malakhova, R.P. & Ieshko, E.P. (1983) [Ecological analysis of parasites of coregonid fish.] Leningrad: Nauka, 168 pp. (In Russian).
Chubb, J.C., Pool, D.W. & Veltkamp C.J. (1987) A key to the species of cestodes (tapeworms) parasitic in British and Irish freshwater fishes. Journal of Fish Biology, 31, 517–543.
Dixon, B.R. & Arai, H.P. (1989) Differentiation of three species of Hymenolepis (Cestoidea) using enzyme isoelectric focusing on thin-layer agarose gels. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 67, 51–54.
Doby, J.M. & Jarecka, L. (1966). Complément a la connaissance de la morphologie et de la biologie de Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin, 1825), cestode parasite de l'anguille. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 41, 429–442.
Dubinina, M.N. (1987) Class Cestoda Rudolphi, 1808. In: O.N. Bauer (Ed.) Key to the parasites of freshwater fishes. Leningrad: Nauka, Vol. 3, pp. 5–76. (In Russian).
Freze, V.I. (1965) Proteocephalids – tapeworm helminths of fish, amphibians and reptiles. Osnovy Tsestodologii, Moscow: Nauka, Vol. 5,, 540 pp. (In Russian).
Hadrys, H., Balick, M. & Schierwater, B. (1992) Applications of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in molecular ecology. Molecular Ecology, 1, 55–63.
Hanzelová, V. & Scholz, T. (1992) Redescription of Proteocephalus neglectus La Rue, 1911 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), a trout parasite, including designation of its lectotype. Folia Parasitologica, 39, 317–323.
Hanzelová, V. & Scholz, T. (1993) Systematic status of Proteocephalus tumidocollis (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), a parasite of salmonid fishes in North America. Helminthologia, 30, 157–161.
Hanzelová, V., Scholz, T. & Fagerholm, H.-P. (1995a) Synonymy of Proteocephalus neglectus La Rue, 1911 with P. exiguus La Rue, 1911, two fish cestodes from the Holarctic Region. Systematic Parasitology, 30, 173–185.
Hanzelová, V., šnábel, V., Špakulová, M., Fagerholm, H.-P. & Krá´lová, I. (1995b) A comparative study of fish parasites Proteocephalus exiguus and P. percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73, 1191–1198.
Hanzelová, V. & Špakulová, M. (1992) Biometric variability of Proteocephalus neglectus (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) in two different age groups in the rainbow trout from the Dobšiná dam (East Slovakia). Folia Parasitologica, 39, 307–316.
Ieshko, E.P. & Anikieva, L.V. (1980) Polymorphism of Proteocephalus exiguus (Cestoidea: Proteocephalidae) – a common parasite of coregonid fish. Parazitologiya, 14, 422–426. (In Russian).
Kakacheva-Avramova, D. (1983) [Helminths of freshwater fishes in Bulgaria.] Sofia: Publ. House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 262 pp. (In Bulgarian).
Kazic, D., Ubelaker, J.F. & Čankovic, M. (1982) Endohelminti jegulje (Anguilla anguilla, Linne, 1758) Skadarskog jezera i neikih pritoka. Acta Biologica Yugoslavia, Ichthyologia, 14, 41–53.
Køie, M. (1988) Parasites in eels, Anguilla anguilla (L.), from eutrophic Lake Esrum (Denmark). Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 33, 89–100.
Kráĺová, I. (1996) A total DNA characterisation in Proteocephalus exiguus and P. percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae/: random amplified polymorphic DNA and hybridisation techniques. Parasitology Research, 82, 668–671.
Kráĺová, I. & Špakulová, M. (1996) Intraspecific variability of Proteocephalus exiguus La Rue, 1911 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) as studied by the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. Parasitology Research, 82, 542–545.
La Rue, G. R. (1914) A revision of the cestode family Proteocephalidae. Illinois Biological Monographs, 1, No. 1–2, pp. 3–351.
Mariaux, J. (1996) Cestode systematics: any progress? International Journal for Parasitology, 26, 231–243.
Murai, E. (1971) Tapeworms (cestodes) parasitising eels introduced into Balaton Lake. Parasitologia Hungarica, 4, 145–156.
Nascetti, G., Cianchi, C., Mattiucci, S., D'Amelio, S., Orecchia, P., Paggi, L., Brattey, J., Berland, B., Smith, J.W. & Bullini, L. (1993) Three sibling species within Contracaecum osculatum (Nematoda, Ascaridida, Ascaridoidea) from the Atlantic Arctic-Boreal region: reproductive isolation and host preferences. International Journal for Parasitology, 23, 105–120.
Nei, M. (1972) Genetic distance between populations. American Naturalist, 106, 283–292.
Nie, P. & Kennedy, C.R. (1991) Population biology of Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin) in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus), in two small rivers. Journal of Fish Biology, 38, 921–927.
Priemer, J. (1980) Zum Lebenszyklus von Proteocephalus neglectus (Cestoda) aus Regenbogenforellen Salmo gairdneri. Angewandte Parasitologie, 21, 125–133.
Priemer, J. (1987) On the life-cycle of Proteocephalus exiguus (Cestoda) from Salmo gairdneri (Pisces). Helminthologia, 24, 75–85.
Schmidt, G.D. (1986) Handbook of tapeworm identification. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 675 pp.
Scholz, T. (1989) Amphilinida and Cestoda, parasites of fish in Czechoslovakia. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium, Brno, 23, No. 4, 56 pp.
Scholz, T. (1991) Studies on the development of the cestode Proteocephalus neglectus La Rue, 1911 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidea) under experimental conditions. Folia Parasitologica, 38, 39–55.
Scholz, T. (1993) Development of Proteocephalus torulosus (Batsch, 1786) (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) in the intermediate host under experimental conditions. Journal of Helminthology, 67, 316–324.
Scholz, T. & Hanzelová, V. (1994) Taxonomic study of two Proteocephalus species (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) parasitising coregonid fishes: the synonymy of P. fallax La Rue, 1911 with P. exiguus La Rue, 1911. Systematic Parasitology, 26, 1–12.
Scholz, T., Hanzelová, V. & šnábel, V. (1995) The taxonomic status of Proteocephalus dubius La Rue, 1911 (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae), a puzzling parasite of perch (Perca fluviatilis L.). Parasite, 2, 231–234.
Scholz, T. & Kepr, T. (1988) The first finding of the tapeworm Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin, 1825) (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae) in Czechoslovakia. Folia Parasitologica, 35, 111–112.
Siles-Lucas, M., Turèeková, L. & Cuesta-Bandera, C. (1995) A genetic comparison of Proteocephalus exiguus and P. percae by RAPD technique. Helminthologia, 32, 201–203.
Soltynska, M. (1964) Fish tapeworms in Puck Bay (South Baltic). Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 12, 13–26.
Sysoev, A.V., Freze, V.I. & Andersen, K.I. (1994). On the morphology of procercoids of the genus Proteocephalus (Cestoda, Proteocephalidea). Parasitology Research, 80, 245–252.
šnábel, V., Hanzelová, V.& Fagerholm, H.-P. (1994) Morphological and genetic comparison of two Proteocephalus species (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae). Parasitology Research, 80, 141–146.
špakulová, M. & Hanzelová, V. (1992) The karyotype of Proteocephalus percae (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae). Folia Parasitologica, 39, 324–326.
Wagner, E.D. (1954) The life history of Proteocephalus tumidocollus Wagner, 1953 (Cestoda), in rainbow trout. Journal of Parasitology, 40, 489–498.
Wootten, R. (1974) Studies on the life history and development of Proteocephalus percae (Müller) (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae). Journal of Helminthology, 48, 269–281.
Welsh, J. & McClelland, M. (1990) Fingerprinting genomes using PCR with arbitrary primers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18, 7213–7218.
Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, J.A. & Tingey, S.V. (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Research, 18, 6531–6535.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Scholz, T., Špakulov´, M., Šn´bel, V. et al. A multidisciplinary approach to the systematics of Proteocephalus macrocephalus (Creplin, 1825) (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae). Syst Parasitol 37, 1–12 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005743413573
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005743413573