Abstract
In this paper a methodology for adapting existing wireless ad hoc network protocols to power controlled networks is presented. Wireless nodes are assumed to have transmission power control with m discrete levels, and a clustering scheme is used in the adaptation to be energy efficient. Clusters are formed among the nodes in a distributed self-organized manner so that each node is a member of some cluster and within a cluster, each node can reach any other node with an appropriate power level. Each cluster has a designated head node which acts as forwarding agent for its members and these head nodes form a supernode topology. We adapt an ad hoc network multicast protocol by executing it on this supernode topology. Multicast data will move from the sender to its cluster head, then along the supernode topology according to the results of the chosen multicast protocol, and finally from the cluster head to receivers within their clusters. At every step, nodes use an appropriate power level j, 1≤j≤m, to reach all the intended recipients. For more balanced way of depleting energy in the network, nodes take turn to become cluster heads. We applied our technique to ODMRP and the experiment shows significant energy reduction.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. Bambos, Toward power-sensitive network architectures in wireless communications: Concepts, issues, and design aspects, IEEE Personal Communications (June 1998) 50–59.
J.H. Chang and L. Tassiulas, Energy conserving routing in wireless ad hoc networks, in: Proceedings of IEEE Infocom 2000 (March 2000).
T.J. Kwon and M. Gerla, Clustering with power control, in: Proceedings of IEEE MILCOM99 (November 1999).
S.J. Lee, W. Su and M. Gerla, On demand multicast routing protocol in multihop mobile wireless networks, ACM/Baltzer Mobile Networks and Applications (2000).
R. Nagpal and D. Coore, An algorithm for group formation and maximal independent set in an amorphous computer, MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Technical Report No. 1626 (1998).
K. Nakano and S. Olariu, Randomized initialization protocols for ad hoc networks, IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 11(7) (2000).
ORiNOCO, Orinoco wavelan radio (2000), http://www.orinoco.com
R. Ramanathan and R. Hain, Topology control of multihop wireless networks using transmit power adjustment, in: Proceedings IEEE Infocom 2000 (March 2000).
T.S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice (Prentice Hall, 1995).
Rockwell, Electronic controls and communications, wins radio (2000), http://www.rockwell.com
Sincgars, An/arc-222 sincgars radio (2000), http://www.fas. org/man/dod-101/sys/ac/equip/an-arc-222.htm
H. Takagi and L. Kleinrock, Optimal transmission ranges for randomly distributed packet radio terminals, IEEE Transactions on Communications 32(3) (March 1984).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tang, C., Raghavendra, C.S. Energy Efficient Adaptation of Multicast Protocols in Power Controlled Wireless Ad Hoc Networks. Mobile Networks and Applications 9, 311–317 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MONE.0000031590.29808.53
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MONE.0000031590.29808.53