Skip to main content
Log in

Summation of Divergent Series and Ergodic Theorems

  • Published:
Journal of Mathematical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this article questions on the possibility of sharpening classic ergodic theorems is considered. To sharpen these theorems the author uses methods of summation of divergent sequences and series. The main topic is connected with the individual ergodic Birkhoff–Khinchin theorem. The theorem is studied in connection with the Riesz and Voronoi summation methods. These methods are weaker than those of the Cesaro method of arithmetic means. It is shown that already for the Bernoulli transformation of the unit interval, meaningful problems arise. These problems are interesting in connection with the possibility of extension of the strong law of large numbers. The questions of suitable summation factors and of the solution of homological equations by means of divergent series is also discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Halmos P., Lectures on the Ergodic Theory[Russian translation], Inostr. Lit., Moscow (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Weyl H., Selected Works[Russian translation], Nauka, Moscow (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hardy G., Divergent Series[Russian translation], Inostr. Lit., Moscow (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cook R., Infinite Matrices and Spaces of Sequences[Russian translation], Inostr. Lit., Moscow (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  5. Poly G. and Szegö G., Problems and Theorems of Analysis, Vol. 1 [Russian translation], Nauka, Moscow (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Cigler J., “Methods of summability and uniform distribution mod 1,” Composito Math., 16, 44–51 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Doroidar A.F.,“A note on the generalized uniform distribution (mod1),” J. Natur. Sci. und Math., 11, 185–189 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Keipers L. and Niederreuter G., Uniform Distribution of Sequences[Russian translation], Nauka, Moscow (1985).

  9. Tsuji M., “On the uniform distribution of numbers mod 1,” J. Math. Soc. Japan, 4, 313–322 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kozlov V.V.,“On uniform distribution,” Izv. Vuzov, Sev.-Kavk. Region. Estestv. NaukiSpecial issue, 96–99 (2001).

  11. Hanson D.L. and Pledger G.,“On the mean ergodic theorem for weighted verages,” Z. Wahrscheinlichkeits-theor. und verw. Geb., 13, N 13, 141–149 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Cohen L.W., “On the mean ergodic theorem,” Ann. Math. II Ser., 41, 505–509 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Katz M., Statistical Independence in Probability, Analysis, and Theory of Numbers[Russian translation], Inostr. Lit., Moscow (1963).

  14. Frank W.E. and Hanson D.L.,“Some results giving rates of convergence in the law of large numbers for weighted sums of independent random variables,” Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 124, No. 2, 347–359 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Hanson D.L. and Wright F.T., “Some convergence results for weighted sums of independent random variables,” Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie verw. Geb., 19, 81–89 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kolmogorov A.N., “On the strong law of large numbers,” in: A. N. Kolmogorov, Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics[in Russian], Nauka, Moscow (1986), 59–60.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Feller W., Introduction to the Theory of Probability and Its Applications, Vol. 2 [Russian translation], Mir, Moscow (1984).

  18. Halmos P., Theory of Measure[Russian translation], Inostr.Lit., Moscow (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kolmogorov A.N., “On the iterated logarithm law,” in: A. N. Kolmogorov, Theory of Probability and Mathematical Statistics, Nauka, Moscow (1986),34–44.

  20. Bourbaki N., Functions of Real Variable[Russian translation], Nauka, Moscow (1965).

  21. Baxter G., “An ergodic theorem with weighted averages,” J.Math.and Mech., 13, No. 3, 481–488 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Baxter G.,“A general ergodic theorem with weighted averages,” J. Math. and Mech., 14, No. 2, 277–288 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chacon R.V., “Ordinary means imply recurrent means,” Bull. Amer.Math.Soc., 70, 796–797 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Gaposhkin V.F., “On summation of stationary sequences by the Riesz methods,” Mat. Zametki, 57, No. 1, 653–662 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  25. Katok A.B., Sinai Ya. G., and Stepin A. M., “Theory of Dynamical Systems and General Groups of Trans-formations with an Invariant Measure,” Mathematical Analysis(Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki, Vol. 13) [in Russian], VINITI, Moscow (1975), 129–262.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Krengel U.,“Recent progress in ergodic theorems,” Astérisque, No. 50, 151–192 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  27. Vershik A.M., Kornfeld I.P., and Sinai Ya. G., “General ergodic theory of groups of transform tions with an invariant measure,” Modern Problems of Mathematics. Fundamental Trends, (Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki,Vol. 2) [in Russian], VINITI, Moscow (1985), 5–111.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kozlov V.V., Methods of Qualitative Analysis in the Dynamics of Solid Bodies[in Russian], Izd-vo Mosk. Univ., Moscow (1980).

  29. Kozlov V.V., “On problem of Poincaré,” Prikl.Mat.Mekh., 40, No. 2, 325–355 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Sidorov E. A., “On the conditions of uniform stability in the sense of Poisson for cylindrical systems,” Uspekhi Mat.Nauk, 34, No. 6, 184–188 (1979).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Halász G., “Remarks on the remainder in Birkhoff's ergodic theorem,” Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hungaricae, 28, No. 3–4, 389–395 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  32. Poincaré H., “Sur les séries trigonométriques,” Comp. Rend. Acad. Sci., Pris, 101, No. 2, 1131–1134 (1885).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Poincaré H.,On Curves Determined by Differential Equations[Russian translation], Gostekhizdat, Moscow, Leningrad (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Arnold V.I. and Avets A., Ergodic Problems of Classical Mechanics[in Russian], Ed. Zhurn. Regular. i Khaotich. Dinam., Izhevsk (1999).

  35. Zygmund A., “On the convergence of lacunary trigonometric series,” Fund.Mathematicae, 16, 90–107 (1930).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Kahane J.-P., Random Functional Series[Russian translation], Mir, Moscow (1973).

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kozlov, V.V. Summation of Divergent Series and Ergodic Theorems. Journal of Mathematical Sciences 114, 1473–1490 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022257013220

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022257013220

Keywords

Navigation