Abstract
Nitrogen ion-implanted Ti–6Al–4V, Ti–5Al–2.5Fe and 316 L stainless steel and nitrogen or carbon sputter-coated samples were inoculated with rat bone marrow. The interface between the cell layer and the substrata was studied by X-ray photo-electron spectrometry and observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Ca and P were detected on all materials after in vitro cell culture. Titanium appears to be present mainly in the form of TiO2.
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LEITAO , E., BARBOSA , M.A. & de GROOT , K. XPS characterization of surface films formed on surface-modified implant materials after cell culture. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 8, 423–426 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018505621839
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018505621839