Abstract
The biosorption of nickel ions on Pseudomonasfluorescens 4F39 free cells or immobilized cells in beads of agar (biobeads)has been studied in batch experiments to determine the effect ofcell immobilization on the metal accumulation properties of bothsystems. Bacterial cells were immobilized in agar beads followingthe interphase technique. When free cells were used, the sorptionequilibrium was reached in 5 min but with biobeads it took 24 hr as a consequence of metal diffusion. The pH of the Ni2+solution was found to be critical for Ni2+ accumulation,the optimum being 8, although the magnitude of this effect waslower in immobilized cells. The equilibrium data have been analysed using the Langmuir adsorption model. The q max of free cells, immobilized cells and biobeads was 145, 37 and7.6 mg Ni2+/g dry sorbent, respectively. The removal capacity of free cells and immobilized cells increased when the cell concentration decreased. The maximum removal efficiency ofbiobeads was obtained when the cell concentration was 1.43 mg drycells/mL Ni2+ solution. The agar concentration in biobeads affected the Ni2+ accumulation, the optimum being 2%. Desorption of Ni2+ with 0.5 mM dipicolinic acid was efficient. Cycles of accumulation/desorption resulted in a lossof non immobilized cells. An increase of the removal efficiencyfrom the first cycle of accumulation/desorption was observed with biobeads.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ajmal, M., Ali Khan Rao, R. and Bilquees Ara, S.: 1996, ‘Studies on Removal and Recovery of Cr(VI) from Electroplating Wastes’, Water Res. 30, 1478–1482.
Bailey, S. E., Olin, T. J., Bricka, R. M. and Adrian, D. D.: 1999, ‘A Review of Potentially Low-cost Sorbents for Heavy Metals’, Water Res. 33, 2469–2479.
Bridson, E. Y. and Brecker, A.: 1970, ‘Design and Formulation of Microbial Culture Media’, in J. R. Norris and D. W. Ribbons (eds), Methods in Microbiology, Vol. 3A, Academic Press, London, pp. 229–295.
Brierley, C. L., Brierley, J. A. and Davidson, M. S.: 1989, ‘Applied Microbial Processes for Metals Recovery and Removal from Wastewater’, in T. J. Beveridge and R. J. Doyle (eds), Metal Ions and Bacteria, John Wiley & Sons, NY, U.S.A., pp. 359–382.
Collins, Y. E. and Stotzky, G.: 1992, ‘Heavy Metals Alter the Electrokinetic Properties of Bacteria, Yeast, and Clay Minerals’, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 1592–1600.
Di Simine, D., Finoli, C., Vecchio, A. and Andreoni, V.: 1998, ‘Metal Ion Accumulation by Immobilised Cells of Brevibacterium sp.’, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 20, 116–120.
Flemming, C. A., Ferris, F. G., Beveridge, T. J. and Bailey, G. W.: 1990, ‘Remobilization of Toxic Heavy Metals Adsorbed to Bacterial Wall-clay Composites’, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56, 3191-3203.
Gadd, G. M. and White, C.: 1989, ‘Removal of Thorium from Simulates Acid Process Steams by Fungal Biomass’, Biotech. Bioengin. 33, 592–599.
Garnham, G. W., Codd, G. A. and Gadd, G. M.: 1992, ‘Accumulation of Cobalt, Zinc and Manganese by the Stuarine Green Microalga Chlorella salina Immobilized in Alginate Microbeads’, Env. Sci. Technol. 26, 1764–1770.
Gourdon, R., Rus, E., Bhende, S. and Sofer, S. S.: 1990, ‘Mechanism of Cadmium Uptake by Activate Sludge’, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 34, 274–278.
Holan, Z. R. and Volesky, B.: 1994, ‘Biosorption of Lead and Nickel by Biomass of Marine Algae’, Biotechnol. and Bioengin. 43, 1001–1009.
Holan, Z. R., Volesky, B. and Prasetyo, I.: 1993, ‘Biosorption of Cadmium by Biomass of Marine Algae’, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 41, 819–825.
Izquierdo, A. and Beltran, J. L.: 1988, ‘SOL1: A Program for the Simulation of Complex Equilibria Using a Personal Computer’, J. Chemometrics 3, 209–216.
Kapoor, A., Viraraghavan, T., Cullimore, D. R.: 1999, ‘Removal of Heavy Metals Using the Fungus Aspergillus niger’, Bioresour. Technol. 70, 95–104.
Kratochvil, D. and Volesky, B.: 1998, ‘Advances in the Biosorption of Heavy Metals’, TIBTECH 16, 291–300.
Leusch, A., Holan, Z. R. and Volesky, B.: 1995, ‘Biosorption of Heavy Metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) by Chemically-Reinforced Biomass of Marine Algae’, J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 62, 279–288.
López, A., Lázaro, N. and Marqués, A. M.: 1997, ‘The Interphase Technique: A Simple Method of Cell Immobilization in Gel-beads’, J. Microbiol. Methods 30, 231–234.
López, A., Lázaro, A., Priego, J. M. and Marqués, A. M.: 2000, ‘Effect of pH on the Biosorption of Nickel and Other Heavy Metals by Pseudomonas fluorescens 4F39’, J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 24, 146–151.
Paknikar, K. M., Puranik, P. R. and Pethkar, A. V.: 1999, ‘Development of Microbial Biosorbents – A Need for Standardization of Experimental Protocols’, in R. Amils and A. Ballester (eds), Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century, Part B, Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium IBS' 99, San Lorenzo del Escorial, Spain, June 20–23 1999, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 363–372.
Rius, N. and Loren, J. G.: 1998, ‘Buffering Capacity and Membrane H+Conductance of Neutrophilic and Alkalophilic Gram-positive Bacteria’, Appl.Env.Microb. 64, 1344–1349.
Sag, Y. and Kutsal, T.: 1997, ‘The Simultaneous Biosorption Process of Lead(II) and Nickel(II) on Rhizopus arrhizus’, Process Biochem. 32, 591–597.
Sar, P., Kazy, S. K., Asthana, R. K. and Singh S. P.: 1999 'Metal Adsorption and Desorption by Liophilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa’, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. 44, 101–110.
Stolp, H. and Gadkari, D.: 1981, ‘Nonpathogenic Members of the Genus Pseudomonas’, in M. P. Starr et al.(eds), The Prokaryote. A Handbook on Habitats, Isolation and Identification of Bacteria, Vol. 1, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 719–741.
Suderman, W. and Oskarson, A.: 1991, ‘Nickel’, in E. Merian (ed.), Metals and their Compounds in the Environment, VCH Publishers Inc, New York, U.S.A., pp. 1101–1116.
Tsezos, M.: 1988, ‘The Performance of a New Biological Adsorbent for Metal Recovery. Modeling and Experimental Results’, in P. R. Norris and D. P. Kelly (eds), Biohydrometallurgy, Proceedings of the International Symposium Warwick 1987, Science and Technology Letters, pp. 465–475.
Valentine, N. B., Bolton Jr., H., Kingsley, M. T., Drake, G. R., Balkwill, D. L. and Plymale, A. E.: 1996, ‘Biosorption of Cadmium, Cobalt, Nickel and Strontium by a Bacillus simplex Strain Isolated from a Vadose Zone’, J. Ind. Microbiol. 16, 189–196.
Veglió, F. and Beolchini, F.: 1997, ‘Removal of Metals by Biosorption: A Review’, Hydrometallurgy 44, 301–316.
Veglió, F., Beolchini, F. and Gasbarro, A.: 1997, ‘Biosorption of Toxic Metals: An Equilibrium Study Using Free Cells of Artrobacter sp.’, Process Biochem. 32, 99–105.
Volesky, B.: 1990, ‘Biosorption and Biosorbents’, in B. Volesky (ed.), Biosorption of Heavy Metals, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fl, U.S.A., pp. 3–5.
Volesky, B.: 1994, ‘Advances in Biosorption of Metals: Selection of Biomass Types’, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 14, 291–302.
Volesky, B.: 1999, ‘Biosorption for the Next Century’, in R. Amils and A. Ballester (eds), Biohydrometallurgy and the Environment Toward the Mining of the 21st Century, Part B, Proceedings of the International Biohydrometallurgy Symposium IBS' 99, San Lorenzo del Escorial, Spain, June 20–23 1999, Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 161–173.
Wong, P. K. and Know, S. C.: 1992, ‘Accumulation of Nickel Ion (Ni+2) by Immobilized Cells of Enterobacter Species’, Biotechnol. Lett. 14, 629–634.
Zouboulis, A. I., Rousou, E. G., Matis, K. A. and Hancock, I. C.: 1999, ‘Removal of Toxic Metals from Aqueous Mixtures. Part 1: Biosorption’, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 74, 429–436.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
López, A., Lázaro, N., Morales, S. et al. Nickel Biosorption by Free and Immobilized Cells of Pseudomonas fluorescens 4F39: A Comparative Study. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 135, 157–172 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014706827124
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014706827124