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Association of pKi-67 with satellite DNA of the human genome in early G1 cells

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Abstract

pKi-67 is a nucleolar antigen that provides a specific marker for proliferating cells. It has been shown previously that pKi-67's distribution varies in a cell cycle-dependent manner: it coats all chromosomes during mitosis, accumulates in nuclear foci during G1 phase (type I distribution) and localizes within nucleoli in late G1 S and G2 phase (type II distribution). Although no function has as yet been ascribed to pKi-67, it has been found associated with centromeres in G1. In the present study the distribution pattern of pKi-67 during G1 in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) was analysed in more detail. Synchronization experiments show that in very early G1 cells pKi-67 coincides with virtually all satellite regions analysed, i.e. with centromeric (alpha-satellite), telomeric (minisatellite) and heterochromatic blocks (satellite III) on chromosomes 1 and Y (type Ia distribution). In contrast, later in the G1 phase, a smaller fraction of satellite DNA regions are found collocalized with pKi-67 foci (type Ib distribution). When all pKi-67 becomes localized within nucleoli, even fewer satellite regions remain associated with the pKi-67 staining. However, all centromeric and short arm regions of the acrocentric chromosomes, which are in very close proximity to or even contain the rRNA genes, are collocalized with anti-pKi-67 staining throughout the remaining interphase of the cell cycle. Thus, our data demonstrate that during post-mitotic reformation and nucleogenesis there is a progressive decline in the fraction of specific satellite regions of DNA that remain associated with pKi-67. This may be relevant to nucleolar reformation following mitosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Organization of Complex Genomes, Deutsches Krebsforschungzentrum, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany

    Joanna M. Bridger & Peter Lichter

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, Millers Wynd, The University Dundee, UK

    Ian R. Kill

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  1. Joanna M. Bridger
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  2. Ian R. Kill
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  3. Peter Lichter
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Bridger, J.M., Kill, I.R. & Lichter, P. Association of pKi-67 with satellite DNA of the human genome in early G1 cells. Chromosome Res 6, 13–24 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009210206855

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009210206855