Abstract
Tensile specimens of 9Cr-1Mo steel weresubjected to oxidation in air at a temperature of 973 Kfor periods of 25, 47, 70, 97, 120, and 140 hr. Theintegrity of the oxide scale was examined by an in-situ technique which involved the recording of theacoustic-emission activity associated with the breakingof the scale. Specimens were also subjected to oxidationfor the same times after subjecting them to an external stress of 40 MPa. The applicationof the external stress was found to alter the integrityof the scale. Spalling of the scale occurred to a lesserextent when external stress was applied due to partial release of growth stresses becauseof the elongation of the specimen. The scale buckledbefore spalling when no external stress was applied. Onthe other hand, the scale developed wedge-type cracks before spalling when subjected toexternal stress during oxidation. Postoxidationexamination of the stressed specimen revealedsubstantial segregation of silicon and chromium at thegrain boundaries (oxide ridges). The specimens, which wereoxidized without external stress, revealed a reductionin the concentration of chromium on the surface. Thisbehavior was attributed to enhanced spalling in the case of the latter specimen compared to theformer.
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Pillai, S.R., Barasi, N.S., Khatak, H.S. et al. Effect of External Stress on the Behavior of Oxide Scales on 9Cr-1Mo Steel. Oxidation of Metals 49, 509–530 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018846828114
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018846828114