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Assessment of the biogeographical variation of seed size and seed oil traits in wild Silphium integrifolium Michx. genotypes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 September 2019

Stephan Reinert ,
David L. Van Tassel ,
Brandon Schlautman ,
Nolan C. Kane  and
Brent S. Hulke Open the ORCID record for Brent S. Hulke [Opens in a new window]
Stephan Reinert
Affiliation:
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
David L. Van Tassel
Affiliation:
The Land Institute, Salina, KS, USA
Brandon Schlautman
Affiliation:
The Land Institute, Salina, KS, USA
Nolan C. Kane
Affiliation:
Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Department, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
Brent S. Hulke*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS Edward T. Schafer Agricultural Research Center, Fargo, ND, USA
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: brent.hulke@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Silphium spp. have garnered interest in Europe as a bioenergy crop and in North America as a perennial oilseed crop. However, very little has been done at this early stage of domestication to characterize wild collections for many key characteristics, including important oilseed traits. The objective of this work was to develop a basic understanding of how biogeography and associated population genetic forces have shaped seed phenotypes in plant collections across the native range of Silphium integrifolium Michx. (Asteraceae: Heliantheae), the primary domestication candidate for oilseed use. A collection of 53 accessions was grown in a common environment in Salina, KS, which is a location well within the native range of the species in central North America. Plants from each collection site were randomly mated by hand to produce seed representative of each accession, and the seeds subjected to seed dimensional trait, oil content and oil composition analyses. Kernel width varied along a latitudinal cline of collection site, while kernel length varied across a longitudinal cline. Palmitic and linoleic acids were inversely correlated with each other and varied along a longitudinal cline of the collection site. The results indicate that accessions collected from more southwesterly sites tended to have larger seed and those from more westerly sites had higher linoleic acid content and lower palmitic and myristic acids, which are all desirable phenotypes for an oilseed Silphium.

Keywords

biogeographyoil compositionoil contentseed traitSilphium integrifolium
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 5 , October 2019 , pp. 427 - 436
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2019 

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Footnotes

Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture.

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