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New Yes/No Recognition Memory Analysis on the California Verbal Learning Test-3: Clinical Utility in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2018

Lisa V. Graves ,
Heather M. Holden ,
Emily J. Van Etten ,
Lisa Delano-Wood ,
Mark W. Bondi ,
David P. Salmon ,
Jody Corey-Bloom ,
Dean C. Delis  and
Paul E. Gilbert
Lisa V. Graves
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Heather M. Holden
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
Emily J. Van Etten
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
Lisa Delano-Wood
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
Mark W. Bondi
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, San Diego, California Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
David P. Salmon
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
Jody Corey-Bloom
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
Dean C. Delis
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
Paul E. Gilbert*
Affiliation:
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego/La Jolla, California Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Paul E. Gilbert, SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA, 92120. E-mail: pgilbert@mail.sdsu.edu
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Abstract

Objectives: The third edition of the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-3) includes a new index termed List A versus Novel/Unrelated recognition discriminability (RD) on the Yes/No Recognition trial. Whereas the Total RD index incorporates false positive (FP) errors associated with all distractors (including List B and semantically related items), the new List A versus Novel/Unrelated RD index incorporates only FP errors associated with novel, semantically unrelated distractors. Thus, in minimizing levels of source and semantic interference, the List A versus Novel/Unrelated RD index may yield purer assessments of yes/no recognition memory independent of vulnerability to source memory difficulties or semantic confusion, both of which are often seen in individuals with primarily frontal-system dysfunction (e.g., early Huntington’s disease [HD]). Methods: We compared the performance of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and HD in mild and moderate stages of dementia on CVLT-3 indices of Total RD and List A versus Novel/Unrelated RD. Results: Although AD and HD subgroups exhibited deficits on both RD indices relative to healthy comparison groups, those with HD generally outperformed those with AD, and group differences were more robust on List A versus Novel/Unrelated RD than on Total RD. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the clinical utility of the new CVLT-3 List A versus Novel/Unrelated RD index, which (a) maximally assesses yes/no recognition memory independent of source and semantic interference; and (b) provides a greater differentiation between individuals whose memory disorder is primarily at the encoding/storage level (e.g., as in AD) versus at the retrieval level (e.g., as in early HD). (JINS, 2018, 24, 833–841)

Keywords

Alzheimer diseaseHuntington diseaseMemory disordersRecognitionMemory and learning testsNeuropsychological tests
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 24 , Issue 8 , September 2018 , pp. 833 - 841
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2018 

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