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Resting state coupling between the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex is related to household income in childhood and indexes future psychological vulnerability to stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2019

Jamie L. Hanson ,
W. Dustin Albert ,
Ann T. Skinner ,
Shutian H. Shen ,
Kenneth A. Dodge  and
Jennifer E. Lansford
Jamie L. Hanson*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Learning Research & Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
W. Dustin Albert
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, USA
Ann T. Skinner
Affiliation:
Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
Shutian H. Shen
Affiliation:
Learning Research & Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Kenneth A. Dodge
Affiliation:
Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
Jennifer E. Lansford
Affiliation:
Sanford School of Public Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Jamie Hanson, Learning Research & Development Center, University of Pittsburgh, 3939 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15260; E-mail: jamie.hanson@pitt.edu.
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Abstract

While child poverty is a significant risk factor for poor mental health, the developmental pathways involved with these associations are poorly understood. To advance knowledge about these important linkages, the present study examined the developmental sequelae of childhood exposure to poverty in a multiyear longitudinal study. Here, we focused on exposure to poverty, neurobiological circuitry connected to emotion dysregulation, later exposure to stressful life events, and symptoms of psychopathology. We grounded our work in a biopsychosocial perspective, with a specific interest in “stress sensitization” and emotion dysregulation. Motivated by past work, we first tested whether exposure to poverty was related to changes in the resting-state coupling between two brain structures centrally involved with emotion processing and regulation (the amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex; vmPFC). As predicted, we found lower household income at age 10 was related to lower resting-state coupling between these areas at age 15. We then tested if variations in amygdala–vmPFC connectivity interacted with more contemporaneous stressors to predict challenges with mental health at age 16. In line with past reports showing risk for poor mental health is greatest in those exposed to early and then later, more contemporaneous stress, we predicted and found that lower vmPFC–amygdala coupling in the context of greater contemporaneous stress was related to higher levels of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. We believe these important interactions between neurobiology and life history are an additional vantage point for understanding risk and resiliency, and suggest avenues for prediction of psychopathology related to early life challenge.

Keywords

amygdalabrainpovertypsychopathologystress
Type
Special Issue Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 31 , Special Issue 3: Emotion Dysregulation and Emerging Psychopathology , August 2019 , pp. 1053 - 1066
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2019 

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