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The histaminergic innervation of the lateral geniculate complex in the cat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Daniel J. Uhlrich ,
Karen A. Manning  and
Thomas P. Pienkowski
Daniel J. Uhlrich
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison
Karen A. Manning
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison
Thomas P. Pienkowski
Affiliation:
Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison
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Abstract

The histaminergic innervation of the thalamic dorsal and ventral lateral geniculate nuclei and the perigeniculate nucleus of the cat was examined immunohistochemically by means of an antibody to histamine.

We find histamine-immunoreactive neurons in the cat brain are concentrated in the ventrolateral portion of the posterior hypothalamus, confirming a previous report. However, this cell group also spreads into medial, dorsal, and extreme lateral regions of the posterior hypothalamus and extends as far rostral as the optic chiasm.

Histamine-labeled fibers cover all regions of the lateral geniculate complex, but the density of labeling varies. The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN) is most densely labeled, the A laminae of the dorsal lateral geniculate are sparsely labeled, and the geniculate C laminae and the perigeniculate nucleus show intermediate amounts of label. Thus, histaminergic fibers demonstrate a predilection for zones innervated by the W-cell system. Labeled fibers exhibit few branchings and numerous en passant swellings, lending a beaded appearance. The vLGN showed more instances of fibers with larger-sized swellings (up to 2 μm).

Following injections of biotinylated tracers into the hypothalamus, we find labeled fibers throughout the lateral geniculate complex. The anterogradely labeled fibers resemblethe histaminergic fibers in morphology, distribution, and relative bouton size. Thus, the hypothalamus appears to be the source of the histaminergic fibers in the lateral geniculate complex.

Histamine-labeled fibers in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) exhibit uncommon ultrastructural morphology. Many extremely large, round, or elliptical vesicles fill the fiber swellings. Swellings are directly apposed to a variety of other dendritic and axonal profiles, but thus far no convincing synaptic contacts have been seen. The distribution and appearance of these histaminergic fibers resembles those reported for serotonergic fibers.

Our results support the idea that histamine works nonsynaptically as a neuromodulator in the lateral geniculate complex, affecting the level of visual arousal.

Keywords

HistamineLateral geniculate nucleusHypothalamusUltrastructureTuberomammillary nucleus
Type
Research Article
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 10 , Issue 2 , March 1993 , pp. 225 - 235
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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