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Broad but restricted detection of malacosporeans in a Neotropical cradle of diversification

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2020

Juliana Naldoni Open the ORCID record for Juliana Naldoni [Opens in a new window] ,
Beth Okamura Open the ORCID record for Beth Okamura [Opens in a new window] ,
Hanna Hartikainen ,
Lincoln L. Corrêa Open the ORCID record for Lincoln L. Corrêa [Opens in a new window]  and
Edson A. Adriano
Juliana Naldoni*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil
Beth Okamura
Affiliation:
Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, LondonSW7 5BD, UK
Hanna Hartikainen
Affiliation:
School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, NottinghamNG7 2RD, UK
Lincoln L. Corrêa
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (UFOPA), Santarém, PA, Brazil
Edson A. Adriano
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, SP, Brazil Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Juliana Naldoni, E-mail: jnaldoni@gmail.com
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Abstract

This study undertook the first investigation of malacosporean infections in Neotropical fish. We used polymerase chain reaction detection with a primer set generally targeting known malacosporeans to assay for infection in the kidney of 146 fish in 21 species belonging to 12 families collected from two areas in the Amazon Basin. Infections were found in 13 fish variously belonging to seven species in six families and included the first identification of a malacosporean infection in cartilaginous fish (a freshwater stingray). Based on ssrDNA, all infections represented a single Buddenbrockia species (Buddenbrockia sp. E) that demonstrates an exceptionally broad range of fish species infected, and countered our expectations of high Neotropical malacosporean diversity. Infections were characterized at varying and often high prevalences in fish species but sample sizes were small. Ascertaining whether highly divergent malacosporeans have not been detected by current primers, and more comprehensive sampling may reveal whether malacosporeans are truly as species poor in the Amazon Basin as present data suggest. Our results prompt speculations about evolutionary scenarios including introduction via marine incursions and patterns of host use over time.

Keywords

Cartilaginous fish hostevolutionary scenariosfreshwater bryozoansmarine incursionssampling biasssrDNA phylogeny
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 148 , Issue 5 , April 2021 , pp. 511 - 518
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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