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Elucidating in vitro and in vivo phenotypic behaviour of L. infantum/L. major natural hybrids

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 November 2018

S. Cortes Open the ORCID record for S. Cortes [Opens in a new window] ,
A. Albuquerque-Wendt ,
C. Maia ,
M. Carvalho ,
I. A. Lima ,
L. A. R. de Freitas ,
W. L. C. dos-Santos  and
L. Campino
S. Cortes*
Affiliation:
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal
A. Albuquerque-Wendt
Affiliation:
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal
C. Maia
Affiliation:
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal
M. Carvalho
Affiliation:
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal Grupo Galenus, Clinilab (Anatomia Patológica), Edifício Monumental Av. Fontes Pereira de Melo, 51 C, 1° Piso, 1050-120 Lisbon, Portugal
I. A. Lima
Affiliation:
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
L. A. R. de Freitas
Affiliation:
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
W. L. C. dos-Santos
Affiliation:
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
L. Campino
Affiliation:
Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal
*
Author for correspondence: S. Cortes, E-mail: scortes@ihmt.unl.pt
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Abstract

The clinical manifestation and course of Leishmania infections depend on factors such as species, virulence and host-immunity. Although trypanosomatids are considered to have clonal propagation, genetic hybridization has produced successful natural hybrid lineages. Hybrids displaying strong selective advantages may have an impact on pathogenesis and the eco-epidemiology of leishmaniasis. Thus, characterization of phenotypic properties of Leishmania hybrids could bring significant insight into the biology, infectivity, pathogenicity and transmission dynamics of these atypical strains. The present study focuses on phenotypic features and survival capacity of Leishmania infantum/Leishmania major hybrid isolates as compared with representative putative parental species, L. infantum and L. major. In vitro assays (growth kinetics, susceptibility to different conditions) and in vivo infection (parasite detection and histopathological alterations) showed that hybrids present higher growth capacity and decreased susceptibility to reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, evaluation of infected spleen tissue suggests that hybrids induce a stronger immune reaction than their putative parents, leading to the development of white pulp hyperplasia in B-lymphocyte compartments. Overall, these hybrids have shown high plasticity in terms of their general behaviour within the different phenotypic parameters, suggesting that they might have acquired genetic features conferring different mechanisms to evade host cells.

Keywords

In vitro behaviourin vivo behaviourLeishmania hybridsL. infantum/L. major hybridsphenotype
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 5 , April 2019 , pp. 580 - 587
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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Footnotes

*

These authors contributed equally to this work.

†

Present address: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, OX1 3RE, Oxford, UK

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