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Characterization of spliced leader genes of Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri: phylogeographical analysis of Brazilian isolates from cattle supports spatial clustering of genotypes and parity with ribosomal markers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 September 2009

A. C. RODRIGUES ,
H. A. GARCIA ,
J. S. BATISTA ,
A. H. H. MINERVINO ,
G. GÓES-CAVALCANTE ,
F. MAIA DA SILVA ,
R. C. FERREIRA ,
M. CAMPANER ,
F. PAIVA  and
M. M. G. TEIXEIRA
A. C. RODRIGUES
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
H. A. GARCIA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
J. S. BATISTA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Ciências Animais, Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, RN, 59625-900, Brasil
A. H. H. MINERVINO
Affiliation:
Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
G. GÓES-CAVALCANTE
Affiliation:
Central de Diagnóstico Veterinário, Universidade Federal do Pará, PA, 66080-000, Brasil
F. MAIA DA SILVA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
R. C. FERREIRA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
M. CAMPANER
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
F. PAIVA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, 79070-900, Brasil
M. M. G. TEIXEIRA*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil
*
*Corresponding author: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-900, Brasil. Tel: +55 11 3091 7268. Fax: +55 11 3091 7417. E-mail: mmgteix@icb.usp.br
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Summary

Trypanosoma (Megatrypanum) theileri from cattle and trypanosomes of other artiodactyls form a clade of closely related species in analyses using ribosomal sequences. Analysis of polymorphic sequences of a larger number of trypanosomes from broader geographical origins is required to evaluate the clustering of isolates as suggested by previous studies. Here, we determined the sequences of the spliced leader (SL) genes of 21 isolates from cattle and 2 from water buffalo from distant regions of Brazil. Analysis of SL gene repeats revealed that the 5S rRNA gene is inserted within the intergenic region. Phylogeographical patterns inferred using SL sequences showed at least 5 major genotypes of T. theileri distributed in 2 strongly divergent lineages. Lineage TthI comprises genotypes IA and IB from buffalo and cattle, respectively, from the Southeast and Central regions, whereas genotype IC is restricted to cattle from the Southern region. Lineage TthII includes cattle genotypes IIA, which is restricted to the North and Northeast, and IIB, found in the Centre, West, North and Northeast. PCR-RFLP of SL genes revealed valuable markers for genotyping T. theileri. The results of this study emphasize the genetic complexity and corroborate the geographical structuring of T. theileri genotypes found in cattle.

Keywords

Trypanosoma theilerispliced leader geneITS rDNAphylogenyevolutionphylogeographybovidspopulational structure
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 137 , Issue 1 , January 2010 , pp. 111 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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