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Efficacy of commercially available entomopathogenic nematodes against insect pests of canola in Alberta, Canada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2024

D.B.M. Patuwatha Withanage Open the ORCID record for D.B.M. Patuwatha Withanage [Opens in a new window] ,
S.S. Briar Open the ORCID record for S.S. Briar [Opens in a new window]  and
I. Edeogu
D.B.M. Patuwatha Withanage
Affiliation:
Olds College Centre for Innovation (OCCI), 4500 50th Street, Olds, AB, Canada T4H1R6
S.S. Briar*
Affiliation:
Olds College Centre for Innovation (OCCI), 4500 50th Street, Olds, AB, Canada T4H1R6
I. Edeogu
Affiliation:
Olds College Centre for Innovation (OCCI), 4500 50th Street, Olds, AB, Canada T4H1R6
*
Corresponding author: S.S. Briar; Email: sbriar@oldscollege.ca
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Abstract

Certain entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae are among the most studied biocontrol tools, some of which are commercially available against pest insects. Their use against foliar and subterranean insect pests is largely unexplored in the Canadian Prairies. We conducted a laboratory-based study to produce baseline information on the biocontrol potential of a few commercial EPN species. Percent mortality of flea beetles, diamondback moths (DBMs), lygus, cabbage root maggots, and black cutworms (BCWs) was assessed after 72 hours exposure to Steinernema carpocapsae, S. kraussei, S. feltiae, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora at varying concentrations (25, 50, 100, and 200 infective juveniles (IJs) per larvae, pupae, or cm2 of soil surface). Irrespective of concentration level, S. carpocapsae and S. kraussei caused significant mortality in DBM and BCW larvae compared with H. bacteriophora. S. kraussei, and S. feltiae were more efficient than S. carpocapsae in controlling root maggot larvae. H. bacteriophora caused zero mortality to root maggots at any concentration. Root maggot pupae were resistant to entry to EPN species tested, likely due to hard outer covering. Compared with root maggot pupae, a moderate level of mortality was observed in DBM pupae, suggesting differential ability of the tested EPNs in killing different life stages of certain pests. All nematode species tested caused low mortality (≤10%) in flea beetle adults. The findings of this investigation form fundamental data essential for carrying out field-based studies on canola and other related crops aimed at control and management of these pest species.

Keywords

SteinernematidaeHeterorhabditidaediamondback mothsblack cutwormscabbage root maggots
Type
Research Paper
Information
Journal of Helminthology , Volume 98 , 2024 , e21
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press

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