Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 9
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
June 2012
Print publication year:
2011
Online ISBN:
9780511977541

Book description

Humans have been modifying plants and animals for millennia. The dawn of molecular genetics, however, has kindled intense public scrutiny and controversy. Crops, and the food products which include them, have dominated molecular modification in agriculture. Organisations have made unsubstantiated claims and scare mongering is common. In this textbook Paul Thompson presents a clear account of the significant issues - identifying harms and benefits, analysing and managing risk - which lie beneath the cacophony of public controversy. His comprehensive analysis looks especially at genetically modified organisms, and includes an explanation of the scientific background, an analysis of ideological objections, a discussion of legal and ethical concerns, a suggested alternative - organic agriculture - and an examination of the controversy's impact on sub-Saharan African countries. His book will be of interest to students and other readers in philosophy, biology, biotechnology and public policy.

Reviews

'Thompson brings his considerable knowledge of biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, and his prowess at keen philosophical analysis, to bear on a biological process and system essential to human life - agriculture.'

Source: Metascience

'… examines in detail the scientific background of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and makes an analysis of ideological objections, legal, and ethical concerns. The scientific explanation and clear style make this accessible to readers from any disciplinary background … This book will be of interest to researchers investigating these issues, as well as students and other readers in philosophy, biology, biotechnology, and public policy.'

Source: The Quarterly Review of Biology

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

Bibliography
Adam, John A. (2009) A Mathematical Nature Walk. Princeton University Press.
Ambec, Stefan (2005) . Department of INRA Social Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Space and Environment Publishing Unit, Institute National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA).
American Law Institute (1965–79) Restatement of the Law, Second, Torts 2d. St. Paul, MN: American Law Institute Publishers.
Ames, B. N., . (1987) Ranking possible carcinogenic hazards, Science 236: –280.
Ames, B. N., . (1990) Dietary pesticides (99.99% all natural), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 87: –7781.
Ammann, Klaus (2008) Integrated farming: why organic farmers should use transgenic crops, New Biotechnology 25: –107.
Ammann, Klaus (2009) Why farming with high tech methods should integrate elements of organic agriculture, New Biotechnology 25: –388.
Arrow, Kenneth (1973) Rawls's principle of just savings, Swedish Journal of Economics 75: –325.
Avery, D. T. (1998) The hidden dangers in organic food, , : 19–22. .
Badgley, Catherine, . (2007) Organic agriculture and the global food supply, Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 22(2): –108.
Bahlai, C. A., . (2010) Choosing organic pesticides over synthetic pesticides may not effectively mitigate environmental risk in soybeans, PLoS ONE 5(6): . .
Beauchamp, Tom L. and Childress, James F. (2009) Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 6th edn. New York: Oxford University Press.
Beers, Mark H. and Berkow, Robert (1999) The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, 17th edn. Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck Research Laboratories.
Beije, Brita and Möller, Lennart (1988) 2-Nitrofluorene and related compounds: prevalence and biological effects, Mutation Research/Reviews in Genetic Toxicology 196(2): –209.
Bentham, Jeremy (1789) An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. London: T. Payne.
Bourguet, D., . (2005) Regulating insect resistance management: the case of non-Bt corn in the U.S., Journal of Environmental Management 76: –220.
Bourn, Diane and Prescott, John (2002) A comparison of the nutritional value, sensory qualities, and food safety of organically and conventionally produced foods, Food Science and Nutrition 42: –34.
Brigulla, Matthias and Wackernagel, Wilfried (2010) Molecular aspects of gene transfer and foreign DNA acquisition in prokaryotes with regard to safety issues, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 86: –1041. .
Brunk, C. and Coward, H. (2009) Acceptable Genes? Religious Traditions and Genetically Modified Foods. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.
Buckle, Stephen (1993) Natural law, in Peter Singer (ed.), A Companion to Ethics. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. –174.
Caduff, Ladina (2002) Growth hormones and beyond, Working Paper 8–2000, Center for International Studies: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich).
Castle, David (2003) The moral significance of agricultural biotechnology, Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 34: –722.
Castle, David (2006) The balance between expertise and authority in citizen engagement about new biotechnology, Techne 9: –13.
Castle, David and Culver, K. (2006) Public engagement, public consultation, innovation and the market, Integrated Assessment Journal 6: –152.
Castle, David, Finlay, K. and Clark, S. (2005) Proactive consumer consultation: the effect of information provision on response to transgenic animals, Journal of Public Affairs 5: –216.
Castle, David, . (2006) Science, Society and the Supermarket: The Opportunities and Ethical Challenges of Nutritional Genomics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Chandrasekharan, N. V. and Simmons, Daniel L. (2004) The cyclooxygenases, Genome Biology 5: . .
Cho, Y. R. and Palmer, J. D. (1999) Multiple acquisitions via horizontal transfer of a group I intron in the mitochondrial cox1 gene during evolution of the Araceae family, Molecular Biology and Evolution 16: –1165.
Cho, Y., . (1998) Explosive invasion of plant mitochondria by a group I intron, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95: –14249.
Christiansen, F. B. (1978) Genetics of Zoarces populations. X. Selection component analysis of the EstIII polymorphism using samples of successive cohorts, Hereditas 87: –150.
Church of England (2010) Special agenda IV. Diocesan synod motions. Compatibility of science and Christian belief. A background paper from the Diocese of Manchester, GS 1772A.
Clarke, R. J. and Macrae, R. (eds) (1988) Coffee, vols. I–III. New York: Elsevier.
Colborn, T., Dumanoski, D. and Myers, J. P. (1996) Our Stolen Future: Are We Threatening Our Fertility, Intelligence, and Survival?: A Scientific Detective Story. London: Penguin Books.
Commission of the European Community (2000) Communication from the Commission on the Precautionary Principle. Brussels, 2.2.2000 COM(2000) 1 final.
Crespo, A. L. B., . (2009) On-plant survival and inheritance of resistance to Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis in a field-derived strain of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pest Management Science 65: –1081.
Crow, Ernest W. and Crow, James F. (2002) 100 years ago: Walter Sutton and the chromosome theory of heredity, Genetics 160: –4.
Cullis, Christopher A. (2004) Plant Genomics and Proteomics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Daniels, N. (1975) (ed.) Reading Rawls. Oxford: Blackwell.
Darwin, Charles (1859) On the Origin of Species. London: John Murray.
Darwin, Charles (1876) The Effects of Cross and Self Fertilisation in the Vegetable Kingdom. London: J. Murray.
Deplanque, Catherine (2004) Origins and Impact of the French Civil Code, Association Française pour l’Histoire de la Justice (20 July).
Diamond, Jared (2002) Evolution, consequences and future of plant and animal domestication, Nature 418: –707.
Dieckmann, W. J., . (1953) Does the administration of diethylstilbestrol during pregnancy have therapeutic value?, American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 66: –1081.
Dodds, Edward Charles, . (1938) Estrogenic activity of certain synthetic compounds, Nature 141: –248.
Eckhardt, R. B. (2001) Genetic research and nutritional individuality, Journal of Nutrition 131: –339S.
Elias, Thomas S. and Dykeman, Peter A. (1990) Edible Wild Plants: A North American Guide. New York: Sterling.
Ellstrand, Norman C. (2001) When transgenes wander, should we worry?, Plant Physiology 125: –1545.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2001) Biopesticides Registration Action Document. Section D: . Washington, DC: EPA.
Ewen, Stanley W. B. and Pusztai, Arpad (1999) Effects of diets containing genetically modified potatoes expressing Galanthus nivalis lectin on rat small intestine, The Lancet 354: –1354.
Eyestone, W. H. (1998) Techniques for the production of transgenic livestock, in Clark, A. J. (ed.), Animal Breeding: Technology for the 21st Century. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp. 167–182.
Fay, Maryanne and Bierbaum, Rosina (2010) The World Development Report 2010: Development and Climate Change. World Bank.
Feinberg, Joel (1973) Social Philosophy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Fisher, Ronald A. (1930) The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Fisher, R. A. (1935) The Design of Experiments. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.
Food Standards Agency (2000) Position Paper: Food Standards Agency View on Organic Foods, 23 August.
Food Standards Agency (2010) Position Paper: Food Standards Agency View on Organic Foods.
Forge, Frédéric (2004) Organic farming in Canada: an overview, (Science and Technology Division), 00–29E.
Formation of Mutagens During Cooking (Special Issue) (1986) Environmental Health Perspectives, 67, –157.
Freud, Sigmund (1979) Introductory Lectures on Psychoanalysis, transl. and ed. James Strachey. New York: Liveright Publishing.
Furihata, C. and Matsushima, T. (1986) Mutagens and carcinogens in foods, Annual Review of Nutrition 6: –94.
Garcia-Robles, I., . (2001) Mode of action of Bacillus thuringiensis PS86Q3 strain in hymenopteran forest pests, Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 31: –856.
Gardon, Anne (1998) The Wild Food Gourmet: Fresh and Savory Food from Nature. Willowdale, ON: Firefly Books.
Gilbert-López, Bienvenida, . (2009) Sample treatment and determination of pesticide residues in fatty vegetable matrices: a review, Talanta 79: –128.
Glare, T. R., and O’Callaghan, M. (2000) Bacillus thuringiensis: Biology, Ecology and Safety. Chichester: Wiley.
Gold, L. S., (1984) A Carcinogenic Potency Database of the Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays, in Environmental Health Perspectives 58: –319.
Gold, L. S., (1986) Chronological Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays Published Through December 1982, in Environmental Health Perspectives 67: –200.
Gold, L. S., (1987) Second Chronological Supplement to the Carcinogenic Potency Database: Standardized Results of Animal Bioassays Published Through December 1986, in Environmental Health Perspectives 74: –329.
Goulding, K. W. T. and Trewavas, A. J. (2009) Can organic agriculture feed the world?, , 23 June. .
GRAIN (2006) Another silver bullet for Africa? Bill Gates to resurrect the Rockefeller Foundation's decaying green revolution. .
Gruère, Guillaume P., Mehta-Bhatt, Purvi and Sengupta, Debdatta (2008) Bt cotton and farmer suicides in India: reviewing the evidence, International Food Policy Research Institute: Discussion Paper 00808.
Gunderson, E. L. (1988) FDA Total Diet Study, April 1982–April 1984, dietary intakes of pesticides, selected elements, and other chemicals, Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists 71: –1209.
Haldane, J. B. S. (1924–32) A mathematical theory of natural and artificial selection, (9 parts) .
Haldane, J. B. S. (1932) The Causes of Evolution. London: Longmans, Green.
Hallauer, Arnel R. (1978) Potential of exotic germplasm for maize improvement, in Walden, (ed.), Maize Breeding and Genetics, pp. –247.
Hardy, G. H. (1908) Mendelian proportions in a mixed population, Science 28: –50.
Hare, R. M. (1952) The Language of Morals. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hare, R. M. (1964) Freedom and Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Harsanyi, John (1975) Can the maximin principle serve as the basis for morality? A critique of Rawls's theory, American Political Science Review 69: –606.
Henderson, Robert K. (2000) The Neighborhood Forager: A Guide for the Wild Food Gourmet. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing.
Hobbes, Thomas [1651] Leviathan. London. For a recent reissue, see J. C. A. Gaskin, Leviathan (edited with introduction). New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
House of Commons (UK) Agricultural Committee (2001) Agriculture – Second Report. .
Howson, Colin (2000) Hume's Problem: Induction and the Justification of Belief. Oxford University Press.
Howson, Colin and Urbach, Peter (1989) Scientific Reasoning: The Bayesian Approach. La Salle, IL: Open Court.
HRH The Prince of Wales (2000) A royal view, in Chris Patten . (eds), Respect for the Earth: Sustainable Development. Reith Lectures 2000. London: Profile – BBC.
Hume, David (1739) A Treatise of Human Nature. London: John Noon [reprinted 2000, Norton, David Fate and Norton, Mary J (eds), New York: Oxford University Press, 2000].
Hume, David (1777) An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding [reprinted, Beauchamp, Tom L (ed.), An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding: A Critical Edition. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000].
Hume, David (1779) Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion [reprinted, Coleman, Dorothy (ed.), Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion and Other Writings. Cambridge University Press, 2007].
Illich, Ivan (1977) Limits to Medicine. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
IRIN: Humanitarian News and Analysis (2008) Malawi: subsidising agriculture is not enough. .
Paul II, John (1988) Letter to the Reverened George V. Coyne, S. J., Director of the Vatican Observatory, L’Osservatore Romano (Weekly edition in English), 21(46), 14 November. .
Jowett, Benjamin (1931) The Dialogues of Plato, 3rd edn. Translated into English with analyses and introduction by Jowett, B.. London: Oxford University Press.
Kagan, S. (1998) Normative Ethics. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas (ed.) (2003) The Economic and Environmental Impacts of Agriotech: A Global Perspective. New York: Kluwer.
Kant, Immanuel (2002) Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, transl. and ed. Allen W. Wood. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Kilham, P. and Hecky, R. E. (1973) Fluoride: geochemical and ecological significance in East Africa waters and sediments, Limnology and Oceanography 18: –945.
Malde, Kjellevold, Marian, . (1997) Fluoride content in selected food items from five areas in East Africa, Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 10: –245.
Korsgaard, Christine M. (1992) Kant, Immanuel, in Becker, Lawrence C and Becker, Charlotte B (eds), Encyclopedia of Ethics. New York: Garland Publishing, pp. 664–674.
Kravitz, Richard L., . (2004) Evidence-based medicine, heterogeneity of treatment effects, and the trouble with averages, Milbank Quarterly 82: –687.
Kumpulainen, J. (2001) Organic and conventional grown foodstuffs: nutritional and toxicological quality comparisons, Proceedings of the International Fertiliser Society 472: –20.
Lachmann, Peter (1999) Letter, The Lancet 354: 1726 (see also Ewen and Pusztai response, The Lancet 354: –1727).
Lappe, Frances Moore and Collins, Joseph (1977) Food First: Beyond the Myth of Scarcity. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
Le Fanu, James (2000) The Rise and Fall of Modern Medicine. New York: Carroll & Graf.
Lercher, M. J. and Pal, C. (2008) Integration of horizontal transferred genes into regulatory interaction networks takes many million years, Molecular Biology and Evolution 25: –567.
Liddell, H. G. (1966). Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Lind, Niels C., . (1993) Health and Safety Policies: Guiding Principles for Risk Management. Waterloo, ON: Institute for Risk Research (Report 93–1, Joint Committee on Health and Safety of the Royal Society of Canada and the Canadian Academy of Engineering).
Locke, John (1690, 1691) Two Treatises of Government. Reprint: Cambridge University Press, 1960.
Losey, John E., Raynor, Linda S. and Carter, Maureen E. (1999) Transgenic pollen harms monarch larvae, Nature 399: .
Lynch, Michael and Walsh, Bruce (1998) Genetics and Analysis of Quantitative Traits. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer.
Maarse, H. and Visscher, C. A. (eds) (1989) Volatile Compounds in Foods. Zeist, The Netherlands: CIVO-TNO.
McGee, Harold (1997) On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, rev. edn. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Magkos, Faidon, Arvaniti, Fotini and Zampelas, Antonis (2006) Organic food: buying more safety or just peace of mind? A critical review of the literature, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 46: –56.
Malthus, Thomas (1798) . London: J. Johnson.
Mangelsdorf, Paul C. (1974) Corn: Its Origin, Evolution and Improvement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Marroquin, L. D. . (2000) Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin susceptibility and isolation of resistance mutants in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, Genetics 155: –1699.
Marvier, M., . (2007) A meta-analysis of effects of Bt cotton and maize on non-target invertebrates, Science 316: –1477.
May, R. M. (1999) Genetically modified foods: facts, worries, policies and public confidence. London: UK Office of Science and Technology.
Mazoyer, Marcel and Roundart, Laurence (2006) A History of World Agriculture from the Neolithic Age to the Current Crisis (translated by James H. Membrez). New York: Monthly Review Press, –95.
Menard, Céline, . (2008) Relevance of integrating agricultural practices in pesticide dietary intake indicator, Food and Chemical Toxicology 46: –3253.
Mendel, Gregor (1865) Versuche über Pfanzenhybriden, Verhandlungen des Naturforschenden Vereins Brünn 4.
Metcalf, R. L. (1989) Insect resistance to insecticides, Pesticide Science 26: –358.
Mill, John Stuart (1859) On Liberty. London: John W. Parker and Son.
Mill, John Stuart (1863) Utilitarianism. London: Parker, Son, and Bourn.
Moore, G. E. (1903) Principia Ethica. Cambridge University Press.
Monsanto Company (2010) Observations on competition in the U.S. seed industry. .
Moyo, Dambisa (2009) Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There Is a Better Way for Africa. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Munkvold, G. P. and Hellmich, R. L. (2000) Genetically modified, insect resistant maize: implications for management of ear and stalk diseases, (online) .
Nakamura, Yoji, . (2004) Biased biological functions of horizontally transferred genes in prokaryotic genomes, Nature Genetics 36: –766.
Nathwani, J. S., . (1997) Affordable Safety by Choice: The Life Quality Model. Waterloo, ON: Institute for Risk Research.
National Research Council (1989) Diet and Health: Implications for Reducing Chronic Disease Risk. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Navarre, W. W., . (2007) Silencing of xenogeneic DNA by H-NS – facilitation of lateral gene transfer in bacteria by a defense system that recognizes foreign DNA, Genes and Development 21: –1471.
Nicolis, Grégoire and Prigogine, Ilya (1989) Exploring Complexity: An Introduction. New York: W. H. Freeman.
Nigg, H. N., . (1990) Exposure to pesticides, in Scott R. Baker and Chris F. Wilkinson (eds), The Effects of Pesticides on Human Health. Advances in Modern Environmental Toxicology, vol. XVIII. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing, pp. –130.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2009) OECD. Stat Extracts. .
Paarlberg, Robert (2008) Starved for Science: How Biotechnology Is Being Kept out of Africa. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Paley, William (1809 [1802]) Natural Theology; or, Evidences of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity Collected from the Appearances of Nature, 12th edn. London: J. Faulder.
Paton, H. J. (1971) The Categorical Imperative: A Study in Kant's Moral Philosophy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Pauling, Linus, . (1951) The structure of proteins: two hydrogen-bonded helical configurations of the polypeptide chain, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 37: –211.
Perry, Mark (2008) From Pasteur to Monsanto: approaches to patenting life in Canada, in Gendreau, Ysolde (ed.), An Emerging Intellectual Property Paradigm – Perspectives from Canada. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 67–80.
Peterson, John (1989) Hormones, heifers and high politics – biotechnology and the common agricultural police, Public Administration 67: –471.
Pigott, Craig R. and Ellar, David J. (2007) Role of receptors in Bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin activity, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 71(2): –281.
Population Reference Bureau (2008). .
Priest, Graham (1986) Contradiction, belief, and rationality, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society 86: –116.
Rawls, John (1971) A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Rawls, John (1993) Political Liberalism. New York: Columbia University Press.
Rawls, John (2000) Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy, ed. Herman, Barbara. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Richardson, Aaron O. and Palmer, Jeffrey D. (2007) Horizontal gene transfer in plants, Journal of Experimental Botany 58: –9.
Ridley, Mark (1996) Evolution, 2nd edn. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Science.
Rogers, P. L. (2002). The Organic Factor: The Whole Food Way to Health and Fitness for Life. Keperra, Queensland: Ecol Data Pty Limited.
Ronald, Pamela C. and Adamchak, Raoul W. (2008) Tomorrow's Table: Organic Farming, Genetics and the Future of Food. New York: Oxford University Press.
Ruse, Michael (1975) Darwin's debt to philosophy: an examination of the influences of John F. W. Herschel and William Whewell on the development of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 6: –181.
Ruse, Michael (1999) The Darwinian Revolution: Science Red in Tooth and Claw, 2nd edn. Chicago University Press.
Ruse, Michael and Castle, David (eds) (2002) Genetically Modified Foods: Debating Biotechnology. Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
Sachs, Jeffery D. (2005) The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time. New York: Penguin Press.
Salsburg, David (1993) The use of statistical methods in the analysis of clinical studies, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 46: –27.
Sears, Mark K., . (2001) Impact of Bt corn pollen on monarch butterfly populations, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 98: –11942.
Sen, Amartya (1992) Inequality Reexamined. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Shelley, Mary W. (1818) Frankenstein (reprinted numerous times: seeHunter, Paul J. (ed.), Frankenstein. Norton Critical Edition. New York: W. W. Norton, 1996).
Shiva, Vandana (1997) Biopiracy: The Plunder of Nature and Knowledge. Boston, MA: South End Press.
Sikorski, James A. and Gruys, Kenneth J. (1997) Understanding glyphosate's molecular mode of action with EPSP synthase: evidence favoring an allosteric inhibitor model, Accounts of Chemical Research 30(1): –8.
Skyrms, Brian (1966) Choice and Chance: An Introduction to Inductive Logic. Belmont, CA: Dickenson Publishing.
Smith, Charles (1998) Introduction: current animal breeding, in A. J. Clark (ed.), Animal Breeding: Technology for the 21st Century. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic, pp. 1–10.
Spector, Michael (2009) Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Hinders Scientific Progress, Harms the Planet, and Threatens Our Lives. New York: Penguin Press.
Starr, Paul (1982) The Social Transformation of American Medicine. New York: Basic Books.
Statistics, Canada (2003) Death by Causes, 2000. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada.
Statistics, Canada (2006) Causes of Death, 2003. Ottawa, ON: Statistics Canada.
Steinfeld, Henning, . (2006) Livestock's Long Shadow: Environmental Issues and Options. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Stofberg, J. and Grundschober, F. (1987) Consumption ratio and food predominance of flavoring materials, Perfumer and Flavorist 12: –56.
Sugimura, T. (1988) Successful use of short-term tests for academic purposes: their use in identification of new environmental carcinogens with possible risk for humans, Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology 205: –39.
Sullivan, Walter (1968) A book that couldn't go to Harvard, New York Times, 15 February, pp. and 4.
Sutton, Walter S. (1902) On the morphology of the chromosome group in Brachystola magna, Biological Bulletin 4: –39.
Sutton, Walter S. (1903) The chromosomes in heredity, Biological Bulletin 4: –251.
Takayama, Shozo, . (1987) Carcinogenic effects of the simultaneous administration of five heterocyclic amines to F344 rats, Japanese Journal of Cancer Research 78: –1072.
Tape, Cynthia L. and McCourt, Conor D. M. (2003) Supreme Court kills Harvard's mouse, BioBusiness : –19.
Thayer, Samuel (2006) The Forager's Harvest: A Guide to Identifying, Harvesting, and Preparing Edible Wild Plants. Ogema, WI: Forager's Harvest.
Thirtle, C., Lin, L. and Piesse, J. (2003) The impact of research-led agricultural productivity growth on poverty reduction in Africa, Asia and Latin America, World Development 31: –1975.
Thompson, Paul (2002) The evolutionary biology of evil, : 239–259.
Thompson, Paul (2009) History of scientific agriculture: animals, in . Chichester: Wiley. .
Thompson, Paul (2010) Causality, mathematical models and statistical association: dismantling evidence-based medicine, 16: 267–275.
Thompson, Paul (2011a) Causality, theories and medicine, in McKay Illari, Phyllis, Russo, Federica and Williamson, Jon (eds), Causality in the Sciences. Oxford University Press, pp. 25–44.
Thompson, Paul (2011b) Theories and models in medicine, in Gifford, Fred (ed.), , 117–138.
Treon, J. F., Dutra, F. R. and Cleveland, F. P. (1953) Toxicity of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate. I. Immediate toxicity and effects of long-term feeding experiments, American Medical Association Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine 8(2): –184.
Trewavas, A. and Stewart, D. (2003) Paradoxical effects of chemicals in the diet on health, Current Opinion in Plant Biology 6: –190.
Troyer, A. Forest (2006) Adaptedness and heterosis in corn and mule hybrids, Crop Science 46: –543.
Unilever Corporate site (n.d.) Unilever at a glance. .
United States Environmental Protection Agency (n.d.) Consumer Factsheet on glyphosate. .
University of California, San Diego (n.d.) Agriculture.
Upshur, Ross E. G. (2005) Looking for rules in a world of exceptions: reflections on evidence-based practice, Perspectives 48: –489.
USDA/NASS (2009) Crop Production Historical Track Records. US Department of Agriculture/National Agricultural Statistics Service. .
Van Valen, Leigh (1973) A new evolutionary law, Evolutionary Theory 1: –30.
Von Wright, Georg Henrik (1960) A Treatise on Induction and Probability. Patterson, NJ: Littlefield, Adams & Company.
Walden, David B. (ed.) (1978) Maize Breeding and Genetics. New York: Wiley.
Watkins, S. M., Hammock, B. D., Newman, J. W. and German, J. B. (2001) Individual metabolism should guide agriculture toward foods for improved health and nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 74: –286.
Watson, James D. (1968) The Double Helix. New York: Atheneum.
Watson, J. D. and Crick, F. H. C. (1953a) Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid, Nature : –738.
Watson, J. D. and Crick, F. H. C. (1953b) Genetical implications of the structure of deoxyribonuleic acid, Nature 171: –967.
Wei, J. Z., . (2003) Bacillus thuringiensis crystal proteins that target nematodes, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 100: –2765.
Weinberg, Wilhelm (1908) Über den Nachweis der Vererbung beim Menschen, Jahreshefte des Vereins für vaterländische Naturkunde in Württemberg 64: –382.
Whewell, William (1840) Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences. London: Parker.
Wills, Gary (1978) Inventing America: Jefferson's Declaration of Independence. Garden City, NY: Doubleday.
Wilson, Edward Osborne (1975) Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
World Bank (2000) World Development Indicators. ,contentMDK:21725423~pagePK:64133150~piPK:64133175~theSitePK:239419,00.html.
World Trade Organization (WTO) (1998) . 16 January 1998, AB-1997, WT/DS26/AB/R; WT/DS48/AB/R.
World Wildlife Fund (n.d.) .
Worrall, J. (2002) What evidence in evidence-based medicine?, Philosophy of Science 69: –S330.
Wright, Sewall (1931) Evolution in Mendelian populations, Genetics 16: –159.

Metrics

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.