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Structural aspects of dormancy in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa): importance and possible action mechanisms of the seed coat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 May 2015

Diana Ceccato ,
Daniel Bertero ,
Diego Batlla  and
Beatriz Galati
Diana Ceccato*
Affiliation:
Banco Base de Germoplasma, Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, CIRN, CNIA-INTA, B1686EYR Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Daniel Bertero
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Producción Vegetal
Diego Batlla
Affiliation:
Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) - Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), C1417DSE Buenos Aires, Argentina; Cátedra de Cerealicultura
Beatriz Galati
Affiliation:
Cátedra de Botánica General, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1417DSEBuenos Aires, Argentina
*
*Correspondence E-mail: ceccato.diana@inta.gob.ar
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Abstract

Two possible sources of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting were evaluated in quinoa. They showed dormancy at harvest and significant variations in dormancy level in response to environmental conditions experienced during seed development. The aims of this work were to evaluate the importance of seed coats in the regulation of dormancy in this species, to investigate possible mechanisms of action and to assess association of seed coat properties with changes in dormancy level caused by the environment. Accessions Chadmo and 2-Want were grown under field conditions on different sowing dates during 2 years. Seed coats were manipulated and seed germination was evaluated at different temperatures. Seed coat perforation before incubation led to faster dormancy loss in both accessions. This effect decreased with delayed sowing date, and seeds expressed a level of dormancy not imposed by coats. This suggests the presence of embryo dormancy in the genus Chenopodium. Seeds of the accession 2-Want had a significantly thinner seed coat at later sowing dates, associated with a decreasing coat-imposed dormancy, but this pattern was not detected in Chadmo. The seed coat acts as a barrier to the release of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in quinoa, suggested by the increase in germination and a higher amount of ABA leached from perforated seeds. ABA is able to leach from seeds with an intact seed coat, suggesting that differences in seed coat thickness may allow the leakage of different amounts of ABA. This mechanism may contribute to the observed differences in dormancy level, either between sowing dates or between accessions.

Keywords

Chenopodium quinoacoat-imposed dormancyembryo-imposed dormancypre-harvest sproutingseed coatsowing date
Type
Research Papers
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 25 , Issue 3 , September 2015 , pp. 267 - 275
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015 

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