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Experiences of helplessness and fear among caregivers diagnosed with severe mental illness and co-caregivers: The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study – VIA 7

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 June 2022

Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd Open the ORCID record for Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd [Opens in a new window] ,
Carsten Hjorthøj ,
Jessica Ohland ,
Maja Gregersen ,
Nicoline Hemager ,
Anne Søndergaard ,
Camilla Austa Christiani ,
Katrine Soeborg Spang ,
Ditte Ellersgaard  and
Birgitte Klee Burton
...Show all authors
Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd*
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark
Carsten Hjorthøj
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
Jessica Ohland
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark
Maja Gregersen
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark
Nicoline Hemager
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Anne Søndergaard
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark
Camilla Austa Christiani
Affiliation:
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
Katrine Soeborg Spang
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, 1014 Copenhagen K, Denmark
Ditte Ellersgaard
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
Birgitte Klee Burton
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Marianne Melau
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
Aja Greve
Affiliation:
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
Ditte Lou Gantriis
Affiliation:
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
Kerstin Jessica Plessen
Affiliation:
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Ole Mors
Affiliation:
The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, DK-8200 Aarhus, Denmark
Merete Nordentoft
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
Susanne Harder
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
Affiliation:
Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health – CORE, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, DK-2900 Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), DK-8210 Aarhus, Denmark Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, University of Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
*
Corresponding author: Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, email: sinnika.birkehoej.rohd@regionh.dk
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Abstract

This study investigates indicators of disorganized caregiving among caregivers of children who have a familial predisposition of schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (SZ) or bipolar disorder (BP), and whether indicators of disorganized caregiving are associated with the caregivers’ and children’s level of functioning as well as the children’s internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. Indicators of disorganized caregiving were assessed with the Caregiving Helplessness Questionnaire (CHQ). Level of functioning was evaluated using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale and the Personal and Social Performance Scale, while dimensional psychopathology were measured with the Child Behavior Checklist. 185 caregivers belonging to a SZ combined group (i.e., SZ-I + SZ co-caregiver), 110 caregivers to a BP combined group (i.e., BP-I + BP co-caregiver), and 184 caregivers to a population-based control group provided data on CHQ. Having a history of SZ or BP or being a co-caregiver to a parent with SZ or BP was associated with higher levels of experiences of helplessness and fear. Higher scores on helplessness were associated with lower level of functioning among caregivers and children and with children having externalizing/internalizing behavior problems. These results emphasize the need for interventions addressing indicators of disorganized caregiving in families with SZ or BP.

Keywords

caregiving and child psychopathologychildren at familial high risklevel of functioningindicators of disorganized caregivingparental mental illness
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 35 , Issue 3 , August 2023 , pp. 1540 - 1551
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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