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Childhood trauma moderates schizotypy-related brain morphology: analyses of 1182 healthy individuals from the ENIGMA schizotypy working group

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 October 2023

Yann Quidé Open the ORCID record for Yann Quidé [Opens in a new window] ,
Oliver J. Watkeys Open the ORCID record for Oliver J. Watkeys [Opens in a new window] ,
Emiliana Tonini Open the ORCID record for Emiliana Tonini [Opens in a new window] ,
Dominik Grotegerd Open the ORCID record for Dominik Grotegerd [Opens in a new window] ,
Udo Dannlowski Open the ORCID record for Udo Dannlowski [Opens in a new window] ,
Igor Nenadić Open the ORCID record for Igor Nenadić [Opens in a new window] ,
Tilo Kircher Open the ORCID record for Tilo Kircher [Opens in a new window] ,
Axel Krug Open the ORCID record for Axel Krug [Opens in a new window] ,
Tim Hahn Open the ORCID record for Tim Hahn [Opens in a new window]  and
Susanne Meinert Open the ORCID record for Susanne Meinert [Opens in a new window]
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Yann Quidé*
Affiliation:
NeuroRecovery Research Hub, School of Psychology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
Oliver J. Watkeys
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Emiliana Tonini
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Dominik Grotegerd
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Udo Dannlowski
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Igor Nenadić
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Tilo Kircher
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Axel Krug
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
Tim Hahn
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Susanne Meinert
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Janik Goltermann
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Marius Gruber
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany Department for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
Frederike Stein
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Katharina Brosch
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Adrian Wroblewski
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Florian Thomas-Odenthal
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Paula Usemann
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Benjamin Straube
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Nina Alexander
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps Universität Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany
Elisabeth J. Leehr
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Jochen Bauer
Affiliation:
Clinic for Radiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
Nils R. Winter
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Lukas Fisch
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Katharina Dohm
Affiliation:
Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
Wulf Rössler
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Lukasz Smigielski
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
Pamela DeRosse
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
Ashley Moyett
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA
Josselin Houenou
Affiliation:
Université Paris Est Créteil, Mondor University Hospitals, DMU IMPACT, APHP, INSERM U955 Team “Translational NeuroPsychiatry”, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France NeuroSpin neuroimaging platform, UNIACT Lab, PsyBrain team, CEA Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
Marion Leboyer
Affiliation:
Université Paris Est Créteil, Mondor University Hospitals, DMU IMPACT, APHP, INSERM U955 Team “Translational NeuroPsychiatry”, Créteil, France Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
James Gilleen
Affiliation:
Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK
Sophia I. Thomopoulos
Affiliation:
Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
Paul M. Thompson
Affiliation:
Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
André Aleman
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
Gemma Modinos
Affiliation:
Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, UK
Melissa J. Green
Affiliation:
Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia School of Clinical Medicine, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
*
Corresponding author: Yann Quidé; Email: y.quide@unsw.edu.au; yannquide@gmail.com
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Abstract

Background

Schizotypy represents an index of psychosis-proneness in the general population, often associated with childhood trauma exposure. Both schizotypy and childhood trauma are linked to structural brain alterations, and it is possible that trauma exposure moderates the extent of brain morphological differences associated with schizotypy.

Methods

We addressed this question using data from a total of 1182 healthy adults (age range: 18–65 years old, 647 females/535 males), pooled from nine sites worldwide, contributing to the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Schizotypy working group. All participants completed both the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire Brief version (SPQ-B), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and underwent a 3D T1-weighted brain MRI scan from which regional indices of subcortical gray matter volume and cortical thickness were determined.

Results

A series of multiple linear regressions revealed that differences in cortical thickness in four regions-of-interest were significantly associated with interactions between schizotypy and trauma; subsequent moderation analyses indicated that increasing levels of schizotypy were associated with thicker left caudal anterior cingulate gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus and insula, and thinner left caudal middle frontal gyrus, in people exposed to higher (but not low or average) levels of childhood trauma. This was found in the context of morphological changes directly associated with increasing levels of schizotypy or increasing levels of childhood trauma exposure.

Conclusions

These results suggest that alterations in brain regions critical for higher cognitive and integrative processes that are associated with schizotypy may be enhanced in individuals exposed to high levels of trauma.

Keywords

adversitygray mattermaltreatmentpsychosisriskthickness
Type
Original Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 54 , Issue 6 , April 2024 , pp. 1215 - 1227
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

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