Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-t5pn6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T15:13:14.563Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Identification of the agent causing visceral leishmaniasis in Uzbeki and Tajiki foci by analysing parasite DNA extracted from patients' Giemsa-stained tissue preparations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2009

M. Z. ALAM ,
D. A. KOVALENKO ,
K. KUHLS ,
R. M. NASYROVA ,
V. I. PONOMAREVA ,
A. A. FATULLAEVA ,
S. A. RAZAKOV ,
L. F. SCHNUR  and
G. SCHÖNIAN
M. Z. ALAM*
Affiliation:
Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D-10098 Berlin, Germany Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
D. A. KOVALENKO
Affiliation:
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
K. KUHLS
Affiliation:
Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
R. M. NASYROVA
Affiliation:
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
V. I. PONOMAREVA
Affiliation:
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
A. A. FATULLAEVA
Affiliation:
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
S. A. RAZAKOV
Affiliation:
Isaev Institute of Medical Parasitology, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
L. F. SCHNUR
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Hebrew University–Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
G. SCHÖNIAN
Affiliation:
Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D-10098 Berlin, Germany
*
*Corresponding author: Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D-10098 Berlin, Germany. Tel: 0049 30 450524058. Fax: 0049 30 450524902. E-mail: mzalam12@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Our present study is the first attempt to characterize Leishmania parasites from foci in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan endemic for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). PCR-sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 and multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) were applied to DNA extracted from preparations of Giemsa-stained bone marrow aspirates from 13 cases of VL. L. infantum was shown to cause VL currently occurring in this area. MLMT applying 14 microsatellite markers, previously shown to be polymorphic for strains of the L. donovani complex, revealed that microsatellite profiles of parasites causing human VL in the Namangan and Jizzakh regions in Uzbekistan, and Penjikent region in Tajikistan, basically coincide with those of strains of L. infantum MON-1. Furthermore, these parasites were assigned to a distinct cluster genetically clearly separated from the populations of L. infantum MON-1 from Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. The existence of a genetically homogeneous but distinct group of L. infantum MON-1 indicates that the parasites circulating in the Uzbeki and Tajiki foci studied have been restricted there for a long time rather than having been recently introduced from elsewhere by human or animal reservoir migration.

Keywords

visceral leishmaniasisLeishmania infantuminternal transcribed spacer 1microsatellite analysisUzbekistan
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 136 , Issue 9 , August 2009 , pp. 981 - 986
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Alam, M. Z., Kuhls, K., Schweynoch, C., Sundar, S., Rijal, S., Shamsuzzaman, A. K., Raju, B. V., Salotra, P., Dujardin, J. C. and Schonian, G. (2009). Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) reveals genetic homogeneity of Leishmania donovani strains in the Indian subcontinent. Infection Genetics and Evolution 9, 24–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chargui, N., Amro, A., Haouas, N., Schönian, G., Babba, H., Schmidt, S., Ravel, C., Lefebvre, M., Bastien, P., Chaker, E., Aoun, K., Zribi, M. and Kuhls, K. (2009). Population structure of Tunisian Leishmania infantum and evidence for the existence of hybrids and gene flow between genetically different population. International Journal for Parasitology 39, 801–811. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2008.11.016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Desjeux, P. (1991). Information on the epidemiology and control of leishmaniasis by country or territory. WHO/LEISH/91.30.Google Scholar
Dieringer, D. and Schlötterer, C. (2002). Microsatellite analyser (MSA): a platform independent analysis tool for large microsatellite sets. Molecular Ecology Notes 3, 167–169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
el Tai, N. O., Osman, O. F., el Fari, M., Presber, W. and Schönian, G. (2000). Genetic heterogeneity of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer in clinical samples of Leishmania donovani spotted on filter paper as revealed by single-strand conformation polymorphisms and sequencing. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 94, 575–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Evanno, G., Regnaut, S. and Goudet, J. (2005). Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology 14, 2611–2620.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Finkelstein, Y. (1956). Visceral'nyi leishmnaioz v Namangan-skoi oblasti. Meditsinskaia Parazitologiia i Parazitarnye Bolezni (Mosk) 25, 158–159.Google Scholar
Gallego, M., Pratlong, F., Fisa, R., Riera, C., Rioux, J. A., Dedet, J. P. and Portus, M. (2001). The life-cycle of Leishmania infantum MON-77 in the Priorat (Catalonia, Spain) involves humans, dogs and sandflies; also literature review of distribution and hosts of L. infantum zymodemes in the Old World. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 95, 269–271.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, T. A. (1999). BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41, 95–98.Google Scholar
Kuhls, K., Chicharro, C., Canavate, C., Cortes, S., Campino, L., Haralambous, C., Soteriadou, K., Pratlong, F., Dedet, J. P., Mauricio, I., Miles, M., Schaar, M., Ochsenreither, S., Radtke, O. A. and Schönian, G. (2008). Differentiation and gene flow among European populations of Leishmania infantum MON-1. PLoS Neglected Tropical Disease 2, e261.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kuhls, K., Keilonat, L., Ochsenreither, S., Schaar, M., Schweynoch, C., Presber, W. and Schönian, G. (2007). Multilocus microsatellite typing (MLMT) reveals genetically isolated populations between and within the main endemic regions of visceral leishmaniasis. Microbes and Infection 9, 334–343.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maroli, M., Krasnonos, L. and Gafurov, I. (2001). Epidemiological and entomological survey in a focus of visceral leishmaniasis in Pap district (Fergana Valley) of Namangan region, Uzbekistan. Acta Tropica 80, 223–228.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ochsenreither, S., Kuhls, K., Schaar, M., Presber, W. and Schönian, G. (2006). Multilocus microsatellite typing as a new tool for discrimination of Leishmania infantum MON-1 strains. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 44, 495–503.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ponirovskii, E. N., Strelkova, M. V., Goncharov, D. B., Zhirenkina, E. N. and Chernikova Iu, A. (2006). [Visceral leishmaniasis in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS): results and basic lines of further study]. Meditsinskaia Parazitologiia i Parazitarnye Bolezni 4, 25–31.Google Scholar
Pritchard, J. K., Stephens, M. and Donnelly, P. (2000). Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155, 945–959.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schnur, L. F., Chance, M. L., Ebert, F., Thomas, S. C. and Peters, W. (1981). The biochemical and serological taxonomy of visceralizing Leishmania. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 75, 131–144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schönian, G., Nasereddin, A., Dinse, N., Schweynoch, C., Schallig, H. D., Presber, W. and Jaffe, C. L. (2003). PCR diagnosis and characterization of Leishmania in local and imported clinical samples. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease 47, 349–358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schönian, G., Schweynoch, C., Zlateva, K., Oskam, L., Kroon, N., Graser, Y. and Presber, W. (1996). Identification and determination of the relationships of species and strains within the genus Leishmania using single primers in the polymerase chain reaction. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 77, 19–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seridi, N., Amro, A., Kuhls, K., Belkard, M., Zidane, C., Al-Jawabreh, A. and Schönian, G. (2008). Genetic polymorphism of Algerian Leishmania infantum strains revealed by multilocus microsatellite analysis. Microbes and Infection 10, 1309–1315.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed