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The need for maps of transmission intensity to guide malaria control in Africa

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  • Spatial and socio-economic effects on malaria morbidity in children under 5 years in Malawi in 2012

    2016, Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology
    Citation Excerpt :

    Children under five constitute about 50% of the total suspected malaria cases and nearly 60% of all hospital deaths in children under five are as a result of malaria and anemia (Connor et al., 2006). In the fight against malaria, there is need to ensure that adequate information on the disease and prevalence in specific areas (Snow et al., 1996) is available and this is based on the notion that people living in a household as well as those living close together have exposures that are similar (Musenge et al., 2013; Elliott et al., 1995). Transmission of malaria varies from place to place, mapping this variation is important in identifying populations at risk as well as the different risk levels, comparing and interpreting malaria interventions in different places, and evaluating options for controlling the disease (Gething et al., 2011; Lowe et al., 2013).

  • Hydrological and geomorphological controls of malaria transmission

    2013, Earth-Science Reviews
    Citation Excerpt :

    Conversely, landscape heterogeneity of malaria risk may confound relationships between other risk factors and malaria transmission. Knowledge of this heterogeneity is a prerequisite for effective stratification and evaluation of intervention programmes (Kouznetsov et al., 1986; Snow et al., 1996; Thomson et al., 1996) and we consider spatially-informed analyses to be a crucial component of the fight against malaria. This is not new: in the early twentieth century malaria control was attempted by drainage or larviciding (introduction of chemicals toxic to mosquito larvae) targeted at Anopheles habitats with notable successes in northeast Brazil (Killeen et al., 2002; Keiser et al., 2005) and Zambia (Utzinger et al., 2001).

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