Investigation of hycanthone binding to DNA in chromatin with different supra-organization, composition, and function

doi:10.1016/S0065-1281(86)80106-4

Acta Histochemica

Volume 79, Issue 1, 1986, Pages 97-105, IN1

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-1281(86)80106-4 Get rights and content

Summary

Hycanthone is a drug used for the clinical treatment of schistosomiasis, although inducing chromosomes breaks and mutagenesis when it enters the DNA double helix. Based on visual observation of characteristics of basophilia and anisotropy after toluidine blue staining, a preferential binding of hycanthone to heterochromatin could be demonstrated for the nuclei of the Malpighian tubules of Triatoma infestans. In other cellular systems like cattle kidney cells in culture, plant cells, and mouse lymphocytes, the drug could be demonstrated to bind heterochromatin and euchromatin, irrespective of the packing state of the latter. When penetrating the various heterochromatin types (with the exception of T. infestans), the drug induced a chromatin loosening that could favor incidence of chromatin breaks. The variation of hycanthone binding to DNA in different cell types is possibly related to differences in composition, stereo-arrangement and stability of the DNA-protein complexes involved.

References (54)

H. Bartsch et al.
Absence of mutagenicity of praziquantel, a new, effective, anti-schistosomal drug, in bacteria, yeasts, insects and mammalian cells
Mutat, Res.
(1978)
C. Dick et al.
The effect of two acetic acid containing fixatives on the histone content of calf thymus deoxyribonucleoprotein and calf thymus tissue
Exper. Cell Res.
(1968)
S. Green et al.
Cytogenetic effects of hycanthone in the rat
Mutat. Res.
(1973)
S.F. Hoff et al.
High-resolution localization of drug binding sites
J. Ultra-struct. Res.
(1981)
A. Miura et al.
Structure of nucleohistone. III. Interaction with toluidine blue
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
(1967)
A. Nishio et al.
Nuclease sensitivity of methylated DNA as a probe for chromatin reconstitution by genotoxicants
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
(1982)
T.M. Ong
Genetic activities of hycanthone and some other antischistosomal drugs
Mutat. Res.
(1978)
W.E. Ross et al.
Qualitative and quantitative aspects of intercalator-induced DNA strand breaks
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
(1979)
S.M. Sieber et al.
Effects of hycanthone on rapidly proliferating cells
Biochem. Pharmacol.
(1973)
A.T. Sumner
A simple technique for demonstrating centromeric heterochromatin
Expt. Cell Res.
(1972)

M. Wittner et al.

Studies with the schistosomicide hycanthone. Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis and its reversal

Expt. Mol. Pathol.

(1971)

Z.A. Andrade et al.

Lesões hepáticas produzidas por hycanthone (Etrenol)

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

(1974)

I.J. Bechara et al.

Basofilia e anisotropia nucleares em células de camundongo após tratamento com oxamniquine

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

(1984)

J.A. Bergeron et al.

Metachromasy: an experimental and theoretical re-evaluation

J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol.

(1958)

D.E. Comings

The structure and function of chromatin

Adv. Human Genetics

(1972)

A.D. Coutinho et al.

Nossa experiência com o hycanthone (Etrenol) na esquistos-somose mansônica

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

(1971)

A.S. Cunha et al.

Manifestação de intolerância ao hycanthone no tratamento da esquistossomose mansoni

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

(1971)

A. Davis

Management of the patient with schistosomiasis

A. Fraschini et al.

The effect of different fixatives on chromatin: cytochemical and ultrastructural approaches

Histochem. J.

(1981)

K. Isono et al.

Chemical carcinogens as frameshift mutagens: Salmonella DNA sequence sensitive to mutagenesis by polycyclic carcinogens

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.

(1974)

L. Karawajew et al.

Ethidium bromide induces chromatin aggregation

The role of histone HI. Stud. Biophys.

(1982)

N. Katz et al.

Further clinical trials with hycanthone, a new anti-schistosomal agent

Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg.

(1969)

I. Koseki et al.

Isolamento de linhagens celulares bovinas e suscetibilidade ao virus da febre aftosa

Arch. Inst. Biol., S. Paulo

(1979)

M.A. Lea et al.

Action of Miracil D and related compound on DNA and RNA synthesis in regenerating liver and hepatomas

Int. J. Cancer

(1972)

L.S. Lerman

Intercalability, the Ψ transition, and the state of DNA in nature

Progr. mol. subcell. Biol.

(1971)

G.C. Levi

Tratamento das parasitoses intestinais

Rev. Ass. Med. Brasil.

(1982)

L. Lison

Histochimie et cytochimie animales

(1960)

Cited by (4)

Toluidine blue staining for cell and tissue biology applications
2019, Acta Histochemica
Citation Excerpt :
When cells from organisms treated with hycanthone methanesulfonate are stained with TB at pH 4.0, chromatin metachromasy and optical anisotropy are abolished in the heterochromatin (Fig. 9a–d) (Simoni and Mello, 1986). This observation is consistent with the ultrastructural changes revealed with electron microscopy (Hoff and MacInnis, 1981) and permits an assumption that besides intercalating into DNA, the drug molecules may interact with DNA phosphates, thus hindering dye binding at these sites (Mello et al., 1978; Simoni and Mello, 1986). TB staining, as a simple and sensitive assay is still effective for modern cytochemistry and an adjunct for other biological applications.
Toluidine blue (TB) staining either alone or in association with other methodologies has the potential to answer a variety of biological questions regarding the human, animal and plant tissues or cells. In this brief review, we not only report the primary use of TB to detect the anionic substrates and availability of their binding sites, but also unveil the resulting applications of TB staining in biological research. Among these applications, the uses of TB staining to identify the changes in chromatin DNA-protein complexes, nucleolus location, and extracellular matrix proteoglycan complexes associated with different physiological and pathological events are described. The usefulness of TB staining to monitor the effects elicited by environmental insults on chromatin and intercalation of drugs into the DNA is also included.
Optical anisotropy of toluidine blue-stained transformed cell nuclei
1995, Acta Histochemica
Changes in chromatin order with cell transformation were studied in terms of optical anisotropy (birefringence) in toluidine blue-stained NIH 3T3 and Balb/3T3 cells. The transformed NIH 3T3 cell lines used were obtained by transfection with the T24 cell H-ras oncogene and the whole genomic DNA of MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. C2PO and PAP2 cell lines were used as representatives of Ha-ras-transformed NIH 3T3 cells with poor and high metastatic ability, respectively. The chromatin of all cells examined exhibited metachromasy and a birefringence of greenish-yellow interference color. The highest birefringence intensity was found in the chromatin granules of the most frequent nuclear phenotype of ras- and MCF-7 DNA-transformed cells, with the exception of the cells with high metastatic ability, in which a faint birefringence was observed. The differences in chromatin birefringence intensity are assumed to indicate differences in chromatin stereoarrangement with cell transformation. In the case of the highly tumorigenic and/or highly metastatic transformants the faint birefringence is assumed to be associated with the heterogeneous and complex physiological processes that may require a relatively less ordered arrangement of the chromatin.
Critical electrolyte concentration and dispersion of birefringence in heterochromatin and euchromatin of copper sulfate-treated specimens of Triatoma infestans Klug
1994, Acta Histochemica
Binding of toluidine blue molecules to DNA phosphates under Mg²⁺ competitive staining conditions and dispersion of birefringence were studied in heterochromatin and euchromatin of Malpighian tubule cells of the hemipteran, Triatoma infestans, 24 h after treatment with copper sulfate. The objective was to detect whether copper binds to chromatin DNA, affecting the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) value and the chromatin anisotropy in these chromatin types. A decrease in CEC values as measured by metachromasy abolition, and in the concentration of Mg²⁺ leading to a change from anomalous dispersion of birefringence to normal dispersion of birefringence was found for the heterochromatin and euchromatin of two different nuclear types in the copper-treated material. Protein dissociation from DNA, leading to increased numbers of DNA phosphates available for dye binding, promoted by Mg²⁺ concentrations above that corresponding to the CEC point is suggested. Based on anisotropy findings, the binding of copper to DNA was assumed not to affect the usual molecular orientation of the DNA.
Apoptosis in polyploid cells of the blood-sucking hemipteran, triatoma infestans klug
2005, Caryologia

^a: Author's address: Prof. Dr. Maria Luiza S. Mello, Department of Cell Biology, C.P. 6109, Unicamp, BRASIL - 131 00 Campinas (SP).

View full text

Investigation of hycanthone binding to DNA in chromatin with different supra-organization, composition, and function

Summary

Mutat, Res.

Exper. Cell Res.

Mutat. Res.

J. Ultra-struct. Res.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.

Mutat. Res.

Biochim. Biophys. Acta

Biochem. Pharmacol.

Expt. Cell Res.

Expt. Mol. Pathol.

Lesões hepáticas produzidas por hycanthone (Etrenol)

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

Basofilia e anisotropia nucleares em células de camundongo após tratamento com oxamniquine

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

Metachromasy: an experimental and theoretical re-evaluation

J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol.

The structure and function of chromatin

Adv. Human Genetics

Nossa experiência com o hycanthone (Etrenol) na esquistos-somose mansônica

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

Manifestação de intolerância ao hycanthone no tratamento da esquistossomose mansoni

Rev. Inst. Med. trop., S. Paulo

Management of the patient with schistosomiasis

The effect of different fixatives on chromatin: cytochemical and ultrastructural approaches

Histochem. J.

Chemical carcinogens as frameshift mutagens: Salmonella DNA sequence sensitive to mutagenesis by polycyclic carcinogens

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.

Ethidium bromide induces chromatin aggregation

The role of histone HI. Stud. Biophys.

Further clinical trials with hycanthone, a new anti-schistosomal agent

Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg.

Isolamento de linhagens celulares bovinas e suscetibilidade ao virus da febre aftosa

Arch. Inst. Biol., S. Paulo

Action of Miracil D and related compound on DNA and RNA synthesis in regenerating liver and hepatomas

Int. J. Cancer

Intercalability, the Ψ transition, and the state of DNA in nature

Progr. mol. subcell. Biol.

Tratamento das parasitoses intestinais

Rev. Ass. Med. Brasil.

Histochimie et cytochimie animales