Age-related changes in the composition and mechanical properties of human nasal cartilage
Section snippets
Materials and methods
Cartilage harvest. Human septal cartilage was obtained from reconstructive septorhinoplasty in accordance with the guidelines of the University of Massachusetts Medical School (Worcester, MA) and Englewood Hospital (Englewood, NJ). Donor age ranged from 15 to 60 years with a mean age of 31.7±12.3. We investigated a total of 45 patients, 26 female and 19 male. The cartilage specimens were placed in DMEM1 (Gibco,
Results
The stress–strain relationship of human nasal cartilage samples in confined compression was described well by a quadratic fit (Fig. 1, top). This results in a linear increase in the modulus with applied strain and a stiffening of the tissue as it is compressed [15]. The hydraulic permeability also showed a distinct dependence on compression state, well characterized by an exponential decrease with applied strain (Fig. 1, bottom) [15].
The equilibrium modulus decreased significantly with age (P
Discussion
The aim of the present study was to investigate biomechanical and biochemical characteristics of human septal cartilage to gain insight into the process of aging in cartilage and to determine standards for materials used as soft tissue replacements. In general, the mechanical behavior of human nasal septum cartilage was qualitatively similar to that of articular cartilage, as evidenced by the linear increase in equilibrium modulus and exponential decrease in hydraulic permeability with
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by a grant from the German Academic Exchange Society (N.R.) and the University of Massachusetts Medical School.
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2020, Journal of BiomechanicsCitation Excerpt :To provide a comparison, a fit for all four models used in this paper (Ogden Nonlinear Elastic, Ogden Prony Nonlinear Viscoelastic, Ogden Constant Permeability Nonlinear Biphasic, and Ogden Strain Dependent Permeability Nonlinear Biphasic) are plotted together for specimen 5. In addition, average values for linear constant permeability biphasic (Richmon et al., 2006; Rotter et al., 2002) as well as an upper range of linear elastic models (Al Dayeh and Herring, 2014) are plotted for results obtained when these properties were run in the same FEBio finite element model (Fig. 6). This study’s primary purpose was to characterize the nonlinear elastic and rate dependent mechanical properties of human nasal cartilage at different locations, and develop parameters for nonlinear elastic, nonlinear viscoelastic, nonlinear biphasic constant permeability and nonlinear biphasic strain dependent permeability constitutive models representing their stress-strain behavior.