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Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web
Volume 1, Issue 4, October 2004, Pages 377-396
International Semantic Web Conference 2003
 
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doi:10.1016/j.websem.2004.06.005    How to Cite or Link Using DOI (Opens New Window)
Copyright © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

HTN planning for Web Service composition using SHOP2

Evren Sirina, Corresponding Author Contact Information, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Bijan Parsiab, E-mail The Corresponding Author, Dan Wua, E-mail The Corresponding Author, James Hendlera, E-mail The Corresponding Author and Dana Naua, E-mail The Corresponding Author

aComputer Science Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA bMIND Lab, University of Maryland, 8400 Baltimore Avenue, College Park, MD 20742, USA

Received 11 March 2003; 
revised 29 June 2004; 
accepted 29 June 2004. 
Available online 7 August 2004.

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Abstract

Automated composition of Web Services can be achieved by using AI planning techniques. Hierarchical Task Network (HTN) planning is especially well-suited for this task. In this paper, we describe how HTN planning system SHOP2 can be used with OWL-S Web Service descriptions. We provide a sound and complete algorithm to translate OWL-S service descriptions to a SHOP2 domain. We prove the correctness of the algorithm by showing the correspondence to the situation calculus semantics of OWL-S. We implemented a system that plans over sets of OWL-S descriptions using SHOP2 and then executes the resulting plans over the Web. The system is also capable of executing information-providing Web Services during the planning process. We discuss the challenges and difficulties of using planning in the information-rich and human-oriented context of Web Services.

Keywords: Web Services; Web Service composition; OWL-S; HTN planning; SHOP2

Article Outline

1. Introduction
2. Motivating example
3. Background
3.1. OWL-S
3.2. SHOP2
4. Why HTN planning is suitable for Web Service composition?
5. From OWL-S to SHOP2
5.1. Encoding OWL-S process models as SHOP2 domains
5.1.1. Translate-atomic-process-effect (Q)
5.1.2. Translate-atomic-process-output (Q)
5.1.3. Translate-simple-process(Q)
5.1.4. Translate-Sequence-Process(Q)
5.1.5. Translate-If–Then–Else–Process(Q)
5.1.6. Translate-Repeat-While-Process(Q)
5.1.7. Translate-Repeat-Until-process(Q)
5.1.8. Translate-Choice-process(Q)
5.1.9. Translate-Unordered-process(Q)
5.1.10. Translate-Process-Model (K)
5.2. Encoding OWL-S Web Services composition problem as SHOP2 planning problem
6. Implementation
7. Discussion
7.1. Using Semantic Web knowledge bases
7.2. Information gathering during planning
8. Related work
9. Conclusion
Acknowledgements
References





Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web
Volume 1, Issue 4, October 2004, Pages 377-396
International Semantic Web Conference 2003
 
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