Fig. 1. Inhibition of colipase-dependent lipase activity in vitro by dimaele, using two different triglyceride substrates, Intralipid (A) and tributyrin (B), both substrates dispersed in bile salt. Measurements of lipase activity were carried out using purified lipase and colipase with and without increasing amounts of dimaele, the released fatty acids being continuously titrated in a pH stat.

Fig. 2. Effect of dimaele on food intake using either high-fat diet or low-fat diet. Dimaele (338 or 445 μmol) dissolved in 1% methylcellulose was administered once a day through oral gavage at 6 pm prior to feeding either high-fat diet (A) or low-fat diet (B) during 6 days; control rats received 1% methylcellulose. The time course for the effect of dimaele (445 μmol) on food intake during high-fat feeding (C).

Fig. 3. Serum glucose levels (A) were reduced in rats fasted for 14 h and treated with dimaele during high-fat diet. Dimaele also decreased serum free fatty acids (FFA) levels compared to the control rats (B).

Fig. 4. Rats were given a single dose of dimaele (445 μmol) plus 1 ml Intralipid (200 mg/ml) through oral gavage. The control rats received 1 ml Intralipid. Twelve hours after infusion, intestinal content was collected and lipase (A) and colipase activity (B) was analyzed by pH Stat. Fasting blood samples were collected and plasma CCK levels (C) analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Dimaele increased significantly lipase and colipase activity as well as plasma CCK levels.

Fig. 5. Fecal fat analysis after feeding a high-fat diet for 6 days in control rat (1% methylcellulose), in rats receiving daily administration of dimaele (445 μmol) or a lipase inhibitor (Orlistat) (40 mg) [15]. Feces were collected and fecal fat was separated into lipid classes by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The position of the lipid standards are given on the left of the panel. TO, triolein, OA, oleic acid. Orlistat treatment results in steatorrhea, denoted by the presence of unhydrolysed triolein. The figure is a representative TLC-plate from three individual experiments.