Light charged particle and intermediate mass fragment cross-sections in GeV proton-induced reactions

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Abstract

As an international collaboration PISA (Proton Induced SpAllation) has initiated measurements of total and double differential cross-sections for products of spallation reactions at the proton accelerator COSY in Jülich (Germany) in order to study secondary particle production created in structural, window, and target materials by proton beams up to 2.5 GeV incident kinetic energy. In the framework of Spallation Neutron Sources and accelerator-driven systems, residual nuclei (H, He up to intermediate mass fragrments) production cross-sections are of great importance for estimation of damage in target and structural materials. Reliable and comprehensive experimental data, especially for p-energies beyond 1 GeV will serve as benchmarks for code development and validation. Data taken by Bragg curve spectroscopy and silicon detector telescopes for the reaction 1.9 GeV p+Ni(Au) will be discussed and kinetic energy spectra of light ions and intermediate mass fragments will be presented.

Section snippets

Motivation

The Proton Induced SpAllation (PISA) project aims at the measurement of total and double differential cross-sections for products of spallation reactions on a various targets (C–Au), induced by protons of energies between 100 and 2500 MeV. Measurements of cross-sections and the investigation of the interaction of medium and high energy protons with atomic nuclei are important for providing benchmark data in the GeV incident p-energy range [1], [2], [3], understanding the complex reaction

Experimental set-up

The PISA experiment has eight detection arms arranged around a scattering chamber. Currently, only the most forward (15°) and the most backward (120°) arms with respect to proton beam direction are mounted. Each detection arm consists of two multichannel plates (MCP) working as “Start’’ and “Stop’’ detectors for the time of flight measurement, a Bragg Curve Detector (BCD) [14], [15] followed by three silicon detectors of 100, 300 and 4900 μm thickness for particle identification using ΔE−E

Experimental results of PISA

At the internal beam of COSY the investigation of the reactions induced by protons on thin targets (50–200 μg/cm2) enables us to get the cross-sections without the absorption and energy loss involved with the propagation of reaction products in the material of the target. The multiple circulation of the beam in the COSY ring is used to compensate for the small reaction rate of beam-protons with the thin targets.

Conclusion

The PISA experiment at COSY Juelich has been consulted to validate models with regard to reaction cross-sections or reaction probabilities, charged particle production cross-sections and angular- and energy-distributions following GeV proton induced reactions on thin C−, Ni- and Au-targets. In summary, the experiment has shown that we are able to measure using the proposed technique the products of proton—nucleus collisions with Z-identification up to at least Z=16 and isotope identification to

Acknowledgment

We acknowledge the support of the European Community-Research Infrastructure Activity under FP6 “Structuring the European Research Area” programme (CARE, Contract No. RII3-CT-2003-506395). The project is supported by the DLR/BMBF-grant POL 01/090 and the EU-programme LIFE (Light Ion Facility Europe) as well as by the FP6-EU IP EUROTRANS under contract 516520.

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