Cellular NeuroscienceResearch PaperSelective vulnerability of brain regions to oxidative stress in a non-coma model of insulin-induced hypoglycemia
Section snippets
Experimental procedures
Male Wistar rats (320–380 g) obtained from the animal house at the Instituto de Fisiología Celular (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México) were used throughout the study. They were handled according with the National Institute of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publications No. 80-23) revised 1996, and with the local Animal Care Committee approval. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their suffering. Rats were housed under controlled
Results
The electroencephalographic brain activity was recorded before (control) and during the hypoglycemic condition. A representative recording is shown in Fig. 1. Normal activity is still observed 1 h after insulin administration even though glucose levels are low, as shown in Fig. 2. Approximately 2 h after insulin injection, electrical brain activity is impaired and high amplitude and low frequency waves appear (Fig. 1 line 3), as described by others (Auer et al., 1984a). At this stage animals
Discussion
Intensive insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is commonly associated with hypoglycemia. Patients might suffer from symptomatic hypoglycemia as frequently as twice per week and from one episode of severe hypoglycemia per year (Cryer, 2004, Cryer, 2007). In addition, an impaired counter-regulatory response to hypoglycemia is frequently associated with the presence of hypoglycemic episodes in type 1 diabetic patients (Jones and Davis, 2003, Cryer, 2006). Acute brain
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by CONACyT 48645-Q grant to L. Massieu and 181312 CONACyT scholarship to M.L. Haces. The authors thank Mrs. Araceli Patrón and Mr. Gabriel Horijuelas for their help in microscopy image analysis. This study was performed in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the PhD degree in Biomedical Sciences of M.L. Haces at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
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