Review article
Pharmacological manipulations of judgement bias: A systematic review and meta-analysis

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.11.008Get rights and content
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Highlights

  • Pharmacological manipulations of affective state alter judgement bias.

  • The effect of the manipulations was greatest at the probe cues and negative reference cue. Multiple probe cues are recommended for future judgement bias studies.

  • Anxiogenics and depressants have greater effects than antidepressants and anxiolytics.

  • Antidepressant drugs targeting the adrenergic system induce a negative judgement bias.

Abstract

Validated measures of animal affect are crucial to research spanning numerous disciplines. Judgement bias, which assesses decision-making under ambiguity, is a promising measure of animal affect. One way of validating this measure is to administer drugs with affect-altering properties in humans to non-human animals and determine whether the predicted judgement biases are observed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using data from 20 published research articles that use this approach, from which 557 effect sizes were extracted. Pharmacological manipulations overall altered judgement bias at the probe cues as predicted. However, there were several moderating factors including the neurobiological target of the drug, whether the drug induced a relatively positive or negative affective state in humans, dosage, and the presented cue. This may partially reflect interference from adverse effects of the drug which should be considered when interpreting results. Thus, the overall pattern of change in animal judgement bias appears to reflect the affect-altering properties of drugs in humans, and hence may be a valuable measure of animal affective valence.

Keywords

Affective state
Animal welfare
Judgement bias
Meta-analysis
Mood disorders
Systematic review

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