Specific complications of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) exist and long-term data are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate our long-term TEVAR results.
Methods
This is a single-center retrospective study of 223 patients undergoing TEVAR from 1998 to 2013. Indication was aneurysm (45%), traumatic (26%), dissection (23%), and septic (6%).
Results
Patients' mean age was 62.7 ± 17.9 years, 84% of them had an American Society of Anesthesiologists score ≥3, and 42% had an aortic rupture. TEVAR was performed in zone 0 (n = 17), 1 (n = 17), or 2 (n = 59) in 42% of patients. Technical success rate was 96.4%. Overall 30-day mortality was 11.7% (elective aneurysm, 11.6%; emergent aneurysm, 34.3%; acute type B dissection, 14.8%; chronic dissection, 4.2%; septic, 8.3%; and traumatic, 1.7%). Major adverse events included stroke in 4.5%, spinal cord ischemia in 1.8%, and retrograde aortic dissection in 2.7%. Mean follow-up was 43.4 ± 38 months. Estimated aortic complications-free survivals at 12, 36, 60, and 120 months were (% ± standard error) 73% ± 3%, 64% ± 4%, 62% ± 4% and 57% ± 5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that patients treated for a chronic aortic dissection had a significant risk of late reintervention (P = .001)
Conclusions
Because of its simplicity and low morbimortality rate, TEVAR has become the first-line approach for thoracic aortic diseases. Mortality outcomes are related to aortic pathology, emergent status, and proximal landing zone. To improve long-term results, rigorous patient selection and follow-up, development of referral centers, and technologic evolution of materials have to be reached.
