Free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity of jigrine against galactosamine induced hepatopathy in rats

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2004.12.016

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volume 97, Issue 3, 21 March 2005, Pages 521-525

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.12.016 Get rights and content

Abstract

Jigrine a polypharmaceutical herbal hepatoprotective formulation containing aqueous extracts of 14 medicinal plants is used in Indian system of medicine (Unani). Jigrine was evaluated for its hepatoprotective activity against galactosamine induced hepatopathy in rats. Galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity resembles human viral hepatitis. Biochemical parameters like AST, ALT and urea in serum, TBARS and glutathione in liver and whole blood glutathione were estimated to assess liver function. DPPH-free radical scavenging activity of jigrine was also evaluated. Biochemical data exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity of jigrine against galactosamine. Silymarin used as reference standard also exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity against galactosamine. The biochemical observations were supplemented with histopathological examination of rat liver sections.

Introduction

Jigrine is a polypharmaceutical herbal formulation containing aqueous extracts of 14 medicinal plants used for liver ailments (Table 1). Few studies are reported for its formulation (Najmi et al., 2002), safety evaluation (Valecha et al., 1990), mechanism of hepatoprotective action (Vivek et al., 1994, Karunakar et al., 1997a, Aftab et al., 1999) and anti-inflammatory activity (Karunakar et al., 1997b). Hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of some of the individual ingredients of jigrine are also reported in literature (Jindal et al., 1975, Sadique et al., 1987, Chawla et al., 1992, Gilani and Aftab, 1992, Gilani et al., 1993, Reddy et al., 1993, Gilani and Janbaz, 1994, Pandey et al., 1994, Sultana et al., 1995, Zafar and Ali, 1998).

The present study is designed to investigate the DPPH-free radical scavenging activity, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of jigrine against galactosamine induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

Section snippets

Drugs and chemicals

Jigrine was provided by Hamdard (Wakf) Labs., Ghaziabad, India. Jigrine contains aqueous extract of 14 medicinal plants (Table 1). These constituent plants were collected and authenticated by taxonomist at the Hamdard (Wakf) Labs. The extract was prepared from the freshly collected plant materials. Silymarin was purchased from Micro Labs., Holar, TN, India. Galactosamine was procured from SRL, India. All the biochemicals and chemicals used were of analytical grade.

Animals

Wistar strain albino rats

Biochemical observations

A significant increase (P < 0.01) in serum AST, ALT, urea and tissue TBARS levels was observed in animals treated with galactosamine (Group II) as compared to normal control group (Group I). Jigrine (1 ml/kg, p.o.) pre-treatment for 21 days decreased the levels of above indices significantly (P < 0.01) in Groups III and IV. Moreover, the galactosamine induced significant decrease (P < 0.05) in blood glutathione and tissue glutathione was also significantly increased (P < 0.05) by jigrine pre-treatment.

Discussion

Galactosamine induced experimental model system in rats is recognized to be much like viral hepatitis in humans from both morphological and functional points of view (Keppler et al., 1968). Galactosamine has great liver specificity because hepatocytes have high levels of galactokinase and galactose-1-uridyltransferase. Galactosamine does not affect other organs (Maley et al., 1968, Keppler et al., 1970). Galactosamine causes hepatic injury with spotty hepatocytes necrosis and marked portal and

Acknowledgement

Authors are thankful to Hamdard (Wakf) Labs, Ghaziabad, for providing generous gift sample of jigrine.

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Free radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity of jigrine against galactosamine induced hepatopathy in rats

Abstract

Introduction

Section snippets

Drugs and chemicals

Animals

Biochemical observations

Discussion

Acknowledgement

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Advanced Enzyme Regulation

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

Phytomedicine

Experimental Molecular Pathology

Journal of Biological Chemistry

Analytical Biochemistry

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Evaluation of hepatoprotective potential of jigrine (a polyherbal unani formulation) pre-treatment on thioacetamide induced liver damage in rats

Indian Journal of Pharmacology

Chemical investigation and anti-inflammatory activity of Vitex negundo seeds

Journal of Natural Products

Protective effects of flavonoids on drug induced hepatotoxicity

Toxicology

Serum enzymes are indicators of chemical induced liver damage

Drug and Chemical Toxicology

Early reversible plasma membrane injury in galactosamine-induced liver cell death

American Journal of Pathology

Pharmacological actions of Cascuta reflexa

International Journal of Pharmacognosy